What is the laboratory diagnosis of cholera?
The culture method is the gold standard or most recommended test for diagnosis of cholera. Stool samples taken from a patient using a sterile cotton bud are placed on a plate containing TCBS (thiosulphate citrate bile salts) agar, a selective medium that isolates the bacteria from the diarrhea.
What are the differential diagnosis for giardiasis?
Giardiasis must be differentiated from other causes of abdominal pain, bloating, acute or chronic diarrhea, and weight loss, such as other infectious causes of gastroenteritis, including bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic pathogens, in addition to non-infectious causes, including acute pancreatitis, appendicitis.
How do you test for cholera toxin?
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Like DNA probes, the target for a PCR test is a virulence gene or DNA sequence that is unique to a pathogen. The toxigenicity of a V. cholerae isolate can be tested using PCR and primers that specifically amplify only CT genes.
How many samples are needed to confirm the diagnosis during a cholera outbreak?
Confirm cholera; Identify the strain (serogroup/biotype/serotype); Assess antibiotic sensitivity. – 4 to 10 stool samples should be sent to the reference laboratory.
What is dipstick test for cholera?
In 2003, the Institut Pasteur developed a rapid dipstick test for the detection of Vibrio cholerae from stool specimens. The test is based on immunochromatography and colorimetric reporting, and detects V. cholerae O1 and O139 antigens binding to antibodies fixed on a nitrocellulose strip.
What is cholera red test?
a test for Cholera vibrio whereby the addition of 3-4 drops of sulfuric acid (concentrated, chemically pure) to an 18-hour-old bouillon or peptone culture of the organism produces a rose-pink to claret color.
What is the diagnostic stage of Giardia lamblia?
The Giardia cyst is the stage found most commonly in stool. Both Giardia cysts and trophozoites can be found in the stool of someone who has giardiasis and may be observed microscopically to diagnose giardiasis.
What is rapid test for cholera?
Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) for the detection of V. cholerae O1 and/or O139, the causative agents of cholera, have been marketed as an alternative to culture or PCR for the confirmation of clinically suspected cholera cases in situations where access to appropriate laboratory services is not readily available.
What are the investigations for cholera?
The diagnosis can be confirmed by isolation of V. cholerae from stool cultures performed on specific selective media. Rapid tests such as stool dipsticks or darkfield microscopy can support the diagnosis in settings where stool culture is not readily available.
What is rapid dipstick?
How does Malaria RDT work?
Malaria RDTs detect specific antigens (proteins) produced by malaria parasites in the blood of infected individuals. Some RDTs can detect only one species (Plasmodium falciparum or P. vivax) while others detect multiple species (P. Blood for the test is commonly obtained from a finger-prick.