What is the principal pathogen responsible for infectious mononucleosis?
It can be caused by a number of pathogens, but this chapter only discusses infectious mononucleosis due to primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV is a γ-herpesvirus that infects at least 90% of the population worldwide. The virus is spread by intimate oral contact among teenagers and young adults.
What is the pathophysiology of glandular fever?
Pathophysiology of Infectious Mononucleosis After exposure in the oral cavity, EBV infects B lymphocytes. Morphologically abnormal (atypical) lymphocytes develop, mainly from CD8+ T cells that respond to the infection.
Which mechanism is largely responsible for the proliferation of the Epstein Barr virus in infectious mononucleosis?
Transmission. EBV spreads most commonly through bodily fluids, especially saliva. However, EBV can also spread through blood and semen during sexual contact, blood transfusions, and organ transplantations. EBV can be spread by using objects, such as a toothbrush or drinking glass, that an infected person recently used.
What are the 5 main objectives of epidemiology?
In the mid-1980s, five major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice were identified: public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and linkages.
What is the pathology of mononucleosis?
Infectious mononucleosis is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV, human herpesvirus type 4) and is characterized by fatigue, fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy. Fatigue may persist weeks or months. Severe complications, including airway obstruction, splenic rupture, and neurologic syndromes, occasionally occur.
What comprises the triad of infectious mononucleosis?
Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is characterized by a triad of fever, tonsillar pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy [1].
Which mechanism is largely responsible for the proliferation of the Epstein-Barr virus in infectious mononucleosis?
What is the causative agent of measles?
Measles is caused by morbillivirus, which is mostly seen in the winter and spring. It’s spread from one child to another through direct contact with discharge from the nose and throat.