How is irreducible water saturation measured?
The laboratory measurements of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in conventional reservoirs provide accurate levels of mobile water and irreducible water saturation which is the sum of clay bound water and capillary bound water (BVW + BVI).
What do you mean by irreducible oil saturation?
As water saturation increases (imbibition), oil relative permeability decreases and water relative permeability increases until no more oil can be displaced by water, at which point oil saturation = Sor (irreducible oil saturation) and water saturation Sw = 1 − Sor.
What is the difference between critical and irreducible water saturation?
Irreducible water saturation is the minimum interstitial water saturation existing above the water transition zone. Critical water saturation is the upper limit for formation water saturation above which a specific sample will produce a significant percentage of water with hydrocarbons.
How do you solve for saturation?
Take the temperature of the system for which you want to determine saturation pressure. Record the temperature in degrees Celsius. Add 273 to the degrees Celsius to convert the temperature to Kelvins. Calculate saturation pressure using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Which of the following equation is the equation of saturation line?
From the equation sw = Cpw loge Ts/273, different values of saturation temperature are plotted against values of entropy at different pressures (see Fig.
What is irreducible water in oil and gas?
1. n. [Formation Evaluation] The lowest water saturation, Swi, that can be achieved in a core plug by displacing the water by oil or gas. The state is usually achieved by flowing oil or gas through a water-saturated sample, or spinning it in a centrifuge to displace the water with oil or gas.
What is the difference between connate water and irreducible water?
The lowest water saturation, Swi, that can be achieved in a core plug by displacing the water by oil or gas. The related term connate water saturation is the lowest water saturation found in situ. …
What is SWC in oil and gas?
Definition: Connate Water saturation (Residual water saturation) Abbreviation.
How do you calculate saturation concentration?
One way to calculate the concentration of a saturated solution, is to measure out 100 cc of water, and add a little bit of solute at a time, shake, see if it dissolves, and keep going until it no longer dissolves.