How are pyridinium salts formed?
Pyridinium salts are commonly formed via N-alkylations of pyridines.
Is pyridine a salt?
As pyridine is often used as an organic base in chemical reactions, pyridinium salts are produced in many acid-base reactions. Its salts are often insoluble in the organic solvent, so precipitation of the pyridinium leaving group complex is an indication of the progress of the reaction.
What is the formula of pyridinium?
Pyridinium
| PubChem CID | 4989215 |
|---|---|
| Structure | Find Similar Structures |
| Molecular Formula | C5H6N+ |
| Synonyms | Pyridinium UNII-RNZ2DM8Q8K RNZ2DM8Q8K 16969-45-2 1H-pyridine More… |
| Molecular Weight | 80.11 |
What is protonated pyridine called?
The nitrogen center of pyridine features a basic lone pair of electrons. This lone pair does not overlap with the aromatic π-system ring, consequently pyridine is basic, having chemical properties similar to those of tertiary amines. Protonation gives pyridinium, C5H5NH+.
What is a pyridine used for?
Pyridine is used as a solvent and to make many different products such as medicines, vitamins, food flavorings, pesticides, paints, dyes, rubber products, adhesives, and waterproofing for fabrics. Pyridine can also be formed from the breakdown of many natural materials in the environment.
Is pyridine an acid or base?
The nitrogen center of pyridine features a basic lone pair of electrons. This lone pair does not overlap with the aromatic π-system ring, consequently pyridine is basic, having chemical properties similar to those of tertiary amines.
How are pyridinium salts used in synthetic reactions?
Pyridinium salts are involved in a wide variety of synthetically useful reactions. Many workers utilized the electrophilic nature of the pyridinium salts to incorporate substitution into the pyridine scaffold.
How to make 2 substituted pyridines at room temperature?
Addition of Grignard reagents to pyridine N -oxides in THF at room temperature and subsequent treatment with acetic anhydride at 120°C afforded 2-substituted pyridines in good yields. By exchanging acetic anhydride for DMF in the second step, 2-substituted pyridine N -oxides were obtained, enabling the synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted pyridines.
What happens when pyridine is mixed with acids?
When a pyridine reacts with acids, metallic ions or acyl, sulfonyl, anhydrides, it forms quaternary salts. (i) Pyridines from crystalline, hygroscopic salts with most protic acids. (ii) Metallic ions such as aluminum, boron, beryllium, etc. form a complex with basic pyridine.
How is solid phase chemistry used to prepare pyridinium?
Solid-phase chemistry has also been used in the preparation of biologically active pyridinium compounds < 04JMC6025 >; here the molecule is built on the resin and is then cleaved off in a Zincke reaction to generate the pyridinium salt. Scheme 23. 1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of pyridinium ylides have been used to prepare indolizines.