What is earthquake directivity?
Earthquake directivity is the focusing of wave energy along the fault in the direction of rupture. Directivity is caused by the constructive interference (piling up) of the S-waves, due to the rupture propagation.
How are an earthquake’s fault focus and epicenter related?
What is the difference between the focus and epicenter of an earthquake? The focus is the point within the earth where seismic waves originate; it is centered on the part of the fault that has the greatest movement. The epicenter is on the earth’s surface directly above the focus.
Why is directivity important in wave propagation explain?
Directivity is an important measure because many antennas and optical systems are designed to radiate electromagnetic waves in a single direction or over a narrow-angle.
What is forward directivity?
Forward-directivity effects are seen when the rupture direction is aligned with the direction of slip, and the rupture front moves towards a given site (Bray and Rodriguez-Marek 2004). These conditions occur readily in strike-slip earthquakes when the rupture propagates horizontally towards a given site.
Why does the earth shake when there is an earthquake?
The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth’s crust and cause the shaking that we feel.
What is focus earthquake?
The focus is the place inside Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates. The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. When energy is released at the focus, seismic waves travel outward from that point in all directions.
What is an earthquake’s focus what is its epicenter quizlet?
An earthquake’s focus is located along a fault beneath Earth’s surface. The epicenter is the location on the surface directly above the focus.
What is earthquake longitude?
The longitude and latitude of the hypocentre are, by definition, the same as those of the epicentre. They are usually given in degrees, although metric grid zone coordinates are sometimes used. The depth of an earthquake is usually given in kilometres below mean sea level.
What’s the best way to make an earthquake cake?
{{model.addEditText}} Print Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Layer coconut and pecans in the bottom of pan. Prepare cake mix according to package instructions and pour over pecans and coconut. Combine cream cheese, butter or margarine, vanilla and confectioners sugar and beat until smooth.
Why do you not have to frost earthquake cake?
A moist, delicious cake recipe you don’t have to frost because the ooey-gooey cream cheese mixture becomes a frosting explosion that cracks the cake apart. Hence the name!
How did the earthquake cake get its name?
I love a cake that’s instructions are: throw in everything but the kitchen sink. This Earthquake Cake is one of those classic cakes and really lives up to its name! It’s similar to a dump cake… but it gets its name from all the cracks, crevices, and valleys on top when it’s done baking.
How long to bake South your mouth earthquake cake?
Dollop heaping tablespoons of the cream cheese mixture evenly onto cake batter. Sprinkle cake with chocolate chips. Bake at 350 degrees for 40-45 minutes or until set. NOTE: Some folks have reported their cakes overflowed while cooking.