How does transcription and translation differ in a bacterial cell?
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation take place in different cellular compartments: transcription takes place in the membrane-bounded nucleus, whereas translation takes place outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, the two processes are closely coupled (Figure 28.15).
Where does transcription and translation occur in bacteria?
Prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm alongside translation. Prokaryotic transcription and translation can occur simultaneously. This is impossible in eukaryotes, where transcription occurs in a membrane-bound nucleus while translation occurs outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm.
Why are transcription and translation coupled in bacteria?
Bacteria depend on transcription-translation coupling for genome integrity, termination of transcription and control of mRNA stability. It has also been suggested that coupling of transcription with translation is an important mechanism of preventing formation of deleterious R-loops.
What is translation in bacterial cells?
Bacterial translation is the process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in bacteria.
What is difference between translation and transcription?
Hint: Transcription is the process of copying a gene’s DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule and translation is the process in which proteins are synthesized after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell’s nucleus. Translation synthesizes proteins from RNA copies.
How does transcription happen in bacteria?
Bacterial transcription is the process in which a segment of bacterial DNA is copied into a newly synthesized strand of messenger RNA (mRNA) with use of the enzyme RNA polymerase. Once the σ-factor releases from the polymerase, elongation proceeds.
Where does translation happen in bacteria?
How does transcription occur in bacteria?
How is transcription and translation different?
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template where the code in the DNA is converted into a complementary RNA code. Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template where the code in the mRNA is converted into an amino acid sequence in a protein.
What is involved in transcription and translation?
Transcription takes place in the nucleus. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule. RNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Translation reads the genetic code in mRNA and makes a protein.
What is the difference between translation and translocation?
Translation is the process of formation of protein from RNA. Translocation is the movement of materials in plants from the leaves to other parts of the plant. Nutrients, mainly sugars, are created in the leaves during photosynthesis.
What is the role of RNA in transcription and translation?
Transcription uses a strand of DNA as a template to build a molecule called RNA. The RNA molecule is the link between DNA and the production of proteins . During translation, the RNA molecule created in the transcription process delivers information from the DNA to the protein-building machines.
What are the steps to translation and transcription?
The two main steps in gene expression are transcription and translation. Transcription is the name given to the process in which DNA is copied to make a complementary strand of RNA . RNA then undergoes translation to make proteins. The major steps of transcription are initiation, promoter clearance, elongation, and termination.
What is the purpose of DNA transcription and translation?
Transcription and translation take the information in DNA and use it to produce proteins. Transcription uses a strand of DNA as a template to build a molecule called RNA . The RNA molecule is the link between DNA and the production of proteins.
How does DNA transcription and RNA translation occur?
It actually consists of two processes: transcription and translation. Transcription takes place in the nucleus. It uses DNA as a template to make an RNA molecule. RNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. Translation reads the genetic code in mRNA and makes a protein.