What is design factor of pipeline?
The design factor of gas transmission pipelines is a safety factor which controls the operating pipelines at stress levels below a certain range of the specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) of the pipe material. The applications calculate the reliability of an X80 steel pipeline.
What are the factors that affect the pipe wall thickness requirement?
There are many factors that affect the pipe-wall-thickness requirement, which include:
- The maximum and working pressures.
- Maximum and working temperatures.
- Chemical properties of the fluid.
- The fluid velocity.
- The pipe material and grade.
- The safety factor or code design application.
What is a pipeline HCA?
The term High Consequences Area (or HCA) often appears in documents dealing with pipelines and pipeline safety. “A location that is specially defined in pipeline safety regulations as an area where pipeline releases could have greater consequences to health and safety or the environment.
What is a pipeline class?
Pipeline locations are classified based on their proximity to buildings (especially those intended for human occupancy) or other areas where people gather regularly. A “class location unit” is an onshore area extending 220 yards (660 feet) on either side of any pipeline longer than 1 mile.
What is mean by design factor?
The design factor is what the item is required to be able to withstand (second “use”). By this definition, a structure with a FOS of exactly 1 will support only the design load and no more. Any additional load will cause the structure to fail. A structure with a FOS of 2 will fail at twice the design load.
What are the different factors to be considered in designing and developing piping systems?
There are numerous factors that need to be considered when selecting a pipe system, such as:
- Type of fluid.
- Fluid pressure.
- Fluid temperature.
- Fluid flow rate.
- Code and authority having jurisdiction requirements.
- Service life.
- Project cost.
- Project schedule.
What is potential impact radius?
Potential impact radius (PIR) means the radius of a circle within which the potential failure of a pipeline could have significant impact on people or property.
What is a Class 3 pipeline?
Class 3: refers to 1) any location within 220 yards of the pipeline that contains 46 or more dwellings, or 2) an area where the pipeline lies within 100 yards of a building or a small, well- defined outside area (such as playgrounds, recreational areas, outdoor theater, or places of assembly) that is occupied for a …
What is a Class 4 location?
(4) A Class 4 location is any class location unit where buildings with four or more stories above ground are prevalent. (c) The length of Class locations 2, 3, and 4 may be adjusted as follows: (1) A Class 4 location ends 220 yards (200 meters) from the nearest building with four or more stories above ground.
What is pipeline layout?
Pipeline design includes a selection of the route traversed by the pipe, determination of the throughput (i.e., the amount of fluid or solids transported) and the operational velocity, calculation of pressure gradient, selection of pumps and other equipment, determination of pipe thickness and material (e.g., whether …
What should be considered when designing a pipeline?
The potential long-term impact of corrosion shall be considered during design , and it shall be demonstrated that the pipeline can remain fit-for-purpose throughout its lifetime.
What is the definition of a design factor?
Design Factor. Design factors (DFs) provide a safety margin to ensure that a pipeline does not operate at 100% SMYS, and are based on the following equation:DF=σHSMYS. From: A Quick Guide to Pipeline Engineering, 2008. Related terms: Solar Energy; Wind Energy; Photovoltaics; Wind Power; Design Pressure; Solar Water Heater
How is hydraulic analysis used in pipeline design?
Hydraulic Design of Pipelines In order to determine the possible range of operational parameters of the pipeline, a hydraulic analysis should be performed. For a given pipe size, fluid properties and flow rate, the hydraulic analysis should provide the pressure and temperature profiles along the pipeline for steady state and transient conditions.
How can pipeline engineering be used as a management tool?
In the case of pipeline engineering, this type of analysis can be used at all levels of design and management; it can be used as a management tool in the assessment of which training programs to implement, such that workforce efficiency is increased.