What causes cholera Morbus?
Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and even death if untreated. It is caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae.
What is the epidemiology of cholera?
Hallmarks of the epidemiology of cholera include (i) a high degree of clustering of cases by location and season, (ii) highest rates of infection in children 1 to 5 years of age in areas of endemic infection, (iii) antibiotic resistance patterns that frequently change from year to year, (iv) clonal diversity of …
What is the mode of transmission for cholera?
The cholera bacteria is passed through feces (poop). It is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated by the feces (poop) of an infected person.
What is prophylaxis of cholera?
The FDA approved a single-dose live oral cholera vaccine called Vaxchora®. Vaxchora is recommended to prevent infection in adults who are 18 – 64 years old and are traveling to an area of active cholera transmission with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 (the bacteria strain that most commonly causes cholera).
What is the meaning of Morbus?
Definition of ‘morbus’ 1. any impairment of normal physiological function affecting all or part of an organism, esp a specific pathological change caused by infection, stress, etc, producing characteristic symptoms; illness or sickness in general. 2. a corresponding condition in plants.
What causes cholera and typhoid?
Typhoid fever (TF) and cholera are potentially life-threatening infectious diseases, and are mainly transmitted through the consumption of food, drink or water that have been contaminated by the feces or urine of subjects excreting the pathogen.
What is the incubation period for cholera?
The incubation period of cholera is between 2 hours and 5 days.
Is cholera airborne or waterborne?
Cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery, and hepatitis A and E, and many other bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases are waterborne diseases, i.e., caused by pathogens transmitted via water supplies.
What is most important for prevention and control of cholera?
Prevention of cholera is dependent on access to safe water, adequate sanitation, and basic hygiene needs.
How can the community control cholera?
CDC has listed five basic cholera prevention messages. These include drinking and using safe water; washing hands with soap and water; using latrines or proper sanitation methods; proper cooking of food, covering it, and eating it hot; proper cleaning up of places used for bathing and washing clothes [30].
What are the epidemiologic indicators of a cholera outbreak?
The two key epidemiologic indicators used during a cholera outbreak are the attack rate and the case fatality ratio or rate. These indicators are standard measures of epidemic intensity and impact. They allow for comparisons between different locations and previous outbreaks.
Who are the members of the epidemiological triad?
This model comprises a susceptible host (the person at risk for the disease ), a disease agent ( the proximate cause ), and an environmental context for the interaction between host and agent. Figure 1: The Epidemiological Triad
How is cholera a threat to public health?
Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Cholera remains a global threat to public health and an indicator of inequity and lack of social development.
What kind of disease is caused by Vibrio cholera?
Cholera, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, is an acute watery diarrheal syndrome. Descriptions of clinical illness consistent with cholera date back to antiquity [1], [2]. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the disease spread globally beyond Asia seven times, referred to as cholera pandemics.