What is a human leukocyte antigen HLA?
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system (the major histocompatibility complex [MHC] in humans) is an important part of the immune system and is controlled by genes located on chromosome 6. It encodes cell surface molecules specialized to present antigenic peptides to the T-cell receptor (TCR) on T cells.
What is human HLA?
Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are genes in major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) that help code for proteins that differentiate between self and non-self. They play a significant role in disease and immune defense. They are beneficial to the immune system but can also have detrimental effects.
What does leukocyte antigen mean?
A type of molecule found on the surface of most cells in the body. Human leukocyte antigens play an important part in the body’s immune response to foreign substances. They make up a person’s tissue type, which varies from person to person.
What is an HLA haplotype?
An HLA haplotype is a series of HLA “genes” (loci-alleles) by chromosome, one passed from the mother and one from the father.
How many HLA combinations are there?
There are three general groups of HLA, they are HLA-A,HLA-B and HLA-DR. There are many different specific HLA proteins within each of these three groups. (For example, there are 59 different HLA-A proteins, 118 different HLA-B and 124 different HLA-DR!)
What is the role of human leukocyte antigen?
Most of the genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region express high polymorphism that is fundamental for their function. The most important function of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecule is in the induction, regulation of immune responses and the selection of the T cell repertoire.
What is HLA compatibility?
What is HLA matching? When two people share the same HumanLeukocyte Antigens (abbreviated as HLA), they are said to be a “match”, that is, their tissues are immunologically compatible with each other. HLA are proteins that are located on the surface of the white blood cells and other tissues in the body.