Is triple-negative the same as basal?
Basal-like breast cancer is similar to triple-negative breast cancer because the cancer cells often don’t have receptors for estrogen, progesterone and HER2. But basal-like breast cancer cells have changes in the proteins that triple-negative breast cancers usually don’t have.
Do basal-like breast cancers really exist?
Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a particularly aggressive molecular subtype defined by a robust cluster of genes expressed by epithelial cells in the basal or outer layer of the adult mammary gland. BLBC is a major clinical challenge because these tumors are prevalent in young woman, often relapsing rapidly.
What is basal type breast cancer?
Immunohistochemical marker panels that have been proposed to define basal-like breast cancers include: (1) lack of ER, PR, and HER2 expression (‘triple-negative’ immunophenotype); (2) expression of one or more high-molecular-weight/basal cytokeratins (CK5/6, CK14, and CK17); (3) lack of expression of ER and HER2 in …
Can TNBC spread to bones?
3.1. The luminal B and HER2 group have higher rates of bone metastasis. In younger patients with age less than 40 years old, the TNBC subtype presents even lower incidence of bone metastasis (4.9%).
Is DCIS ever triple negative?
Studies suggest that triple-negative DCIS (TN-DCIS), a rare type of DCIS, is a precursor stage of invasive breast cancer5,6. Therefore, early detection of TN-DCIS is important in preventing breast cancer cases that may progress to triple negative invasive carcinoma.
What is a basal-like phenotype?
Basal-phenotype or basal-like breast cancers are characterized by basal epithelium cytokeratin (CK5/14/17) expression, negative estrogen receptor (ER) status and distinct gene expression signature.
What causes basal breast cancer?
A basal breast cancer probably derives from a stem or progenitor cell that has never expressed ER. BRCA1 breast cancers derive from an ER-negative luminal progenitor [71, 72]. BRCA1 may be required for the transition from an ER-negative to an ER-positive progenitor [73].
What are basal markers?
Basal-like breast cancers are identified by a variety of immunohistochemical markers, such as cytokeratins (CK5, CK6, CK14 or CK17), EGFR, SMA, P-cadherin, p63 or c-kit antigen.