What is anthraquinone used for?
Besides their utilization as colorants, anthraquinone derivatives have been used since centuries for medical applications, for example, as laxatives and antimicrobial and antiinflammatory agents. Current therapeutic indications include constipation, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and cancer.
How is anthraquinone produced?
Anthraquinone and other oxygenated PAHs are formed from direct combustion processes (see Table 1.2) or the degradation of PAHs by atmospheric oxidants (Layshock et al., 2010). Specifically, anthraquinone is formed from anthracene through photolytic and biodegradation processes (HSDB, 2006).
Where is anthraquinone found?
Introduction. Anthraquinones (AQs) are found in rhubarb root, Senna leaf and pod, Cascara, Buckhorn, and Aloe, and they are widely used in laxative preparations.
What is structure of anthraquinone?
C14H8O2Anthraquinone / Formula
What is the Colour of anthraquinone?
Anthraquinone itself is colourless, but red to blue dyes are obtained by introducing electron donor groups such as hydroxy or amino groups in the 1-, 4-, 5- or 8-position. Anthraquinone dyestuffs are structurally related to indigo dyestuffs and are classified together with these in the group of carbonyl dyes.
What are physical and chemical characteristics of anthraquinones?
Chemical Properties
| Appearance | Yellow solid |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | 286 °C |
| Molar Mass | 208.21 g/mol |
| Molecular Formula | C14H8O2 |
| NFPA 704 | H-0,F-1,R-0,C-NA |
Is anthraquinone a phenol?
Anthraquinones (also known as anthraquinonoids) are a class of naturally occurring phenolic compounds based on the 9,10-anthraquinone skeleton. They are widely used industrially and occur naturally.
Is anthraquinone a secondary metabolite?
Anthraquinones, naphthoquinones, and their glycosides are another group of secondary metabolites useful in chemotaxonomy [54,55].
Is anthraquinone a dye?
Anthraquinone dyes are the second most important class of dyes. In contrast to the azo dyes (Chap. 3), which have no natural counterparts, the anthraquinone chromogen provided all the important natural red dyes.
Is anthraquinone toxic?
Anthraquinone is not toxic and therefore there would be no expected cumulative effects from common mechanisms of toxicity. The Agency has considered anthraquinone in light of the relevant safety factors in FQPA and FIFRA.
What color is anthraquinone?
blue
Anthraquinone itself is colourless, but red to blue dyes are obtained by introducing electron donor groups such as hydroxy or amino groups in the 1-, 4-, 5- or 8-position. Anthraquinone dyestuffs are structurally related to indigo dyestuffs and are classified together with these in the group of carbonyl dyes.
Is anthraquinone a derivative?
Anthraquinone derivatives with a laxative effect can be found in a number of plants: Senna leaves or fruits, rhubarb root, alder tree bark, cascara bark and aloe (see Chapter 2.19). Anthraquinone derivatives are present as glycosides.
How is the chemical compound anthraquinone prepared commercially?
It is prepared commercially by oxidation of anthracene or condensation of benzene and phthalic anhydride, followed by dehydration of the condensation product. Alizarin
Which is the most important quinone derivative of anthracene?
Anthraquinone. Anthraquinone, also called 9,10-anthraquinone, the most important quinone derivative of anthracene and the parent substance of a large class of dyes and pigments. It is prepared commercially by oxidation of anthracene or condensation of benzene and phthalic anhydride, followed by dehydration of the condensation product.
Which is the correct formula for anthraquinone isomer?
Anthraquinone, also called anthracenedione or dioxoanthracene, is an aromatic organic compound with formula C 14H 😯 2. Isomers include various quinone derivatives. The term anthraquinone, however refers to the isomer, 9,10-anthraquinone ( IUPAC: 9,10-dioxoanthracene) wherein the keto groups are located on the central ring.
What kind of laxative is anthraquinone used for?
Anthraquinones are also used as laxatives such as in the drug senna glycoside. Brachmann, AO; Joyce, SA; Jenke-Kodama, H; Schwär, G; Clarke, DJ; Bode, HB (2007). “A type II polyketide synthase is responsible for anthraquinone biosynthesis in Photorhabdus luminescens”.