How many roots do 2nd premolars have?
Maxillary second premolar usually has one root with one or two root canals. As reported by Vertucci, the occurrence of one canal with one apex is 75% and two canals at the apex are 24%. The presence of three canals at apex was found to be only 1%.
What is class 2 cavity preparation?
A Class II carious lesion develops apical to the contact area on the proximal surfaces of posterior teeth. The procedure for the removal of the carious lesion is the same as that of a class I. The first step is the development of the ideal cavity preparation.
How do you check for clearance with the adjacent tooth in a Class II cavity preparation?
Removing remaining undermined proximal enamel with enamel hatchet on facial proximal wall. When a small lesion is prepared,gingival margin should clear adjacent tooth by 0.5 mm. This is measured by passing tine of No. 23 explorer which is about 0.5 mm at ¼ inch from the tip.
Which premolar has two roots?
Maxillary premolars The maxillary first premolar has variable morphology but is generally considered to have two roots and two canals (Fig. 1.58).
How many roots does lower second premolar have?
Second lower premolars with two roots.
What is isthmus in Class 2 cavity preparation?
The transition between the occlusal and proximal cavity is termed isthmus. This is the narrowest place of preparation and it is of fundamental significance for retention of the filling.
Which bur is used for Class 2 cavity preparation?
More specialized restorative burs are used for specific tasks, including depth-cutting burs, which have horizontal ridges against the diamond fissures to guide the depth of the cut. End-cutting burs are used to shape the floor of mesial and distal tooth preparations for Class II cavities with smooth sides.
How many roots does a maxillary second premolar have?
Maxillary second premolar is generally considered to have one root and one canal [2, 3, 6, 14]. In the present study only 13.8% had one root canal end in one apical foramen (type I, Figure 1).
Can premolars have 2 roots?
Maxillary premolars The maxillary first premolar has variable morphology but is generally considered to have two roots and two canals (Fig. 1.58). The frequency of two roots is more than 55% in Caucasoids and less than 20% in Mongoloids.
Can a premolar have two roots?
The number of roots for each type of tooth varies. Typically incisors, canines and premolars will have one root whereas molars will have two or three.
How to prepare for mesio occlusal Class II?
9. Mesio-occlusal class II preparation Occlusal outline form: Enter the pit nearest the involved proximal surface with a punch cut using a No. 245 bur. Viewed from the proximal and lingual aspects, the long axis of bur should be parallel to the long axis of tooth crown during cutting. 9 Bur position for entry;proximal view
What do you need to know about class II amalgam?
Class ii amalgam. 1. Tooth preparation for class II amalgam restorations and its modifications. 2. INTRODUCTION Amalgam although a brittle material, has been adequately serving as a restorative material since 175 years, understanding of its properties and judgment of the preparation design are the vital factors controlling its use.
What is the definition of a Class 2 restoration?
3. 3 Class II Restorations. It is defined as a cavity that is present on the proximal surfaces of premolars and molars. ( G.V .BLACK ) DEFINITION
Which is the best definition of tooth preparation?
2. TOOTH PREPARATION • The mechanical alteration of a defective, injured, or diseased tooth in order to best receive a restorative material which will re- establish a healthy state for the tooth including esthetic corrections where indicated, along with normal form and function. 3.