What are the 4 waves of modern terrorism?
The four waves are, successively, the Anarchist wave (1878–1919), the Anti-Colonial wave (1920s–early 1960s), the New Left wave (mid-1960s–1990s), and the Religious wave (1979–?).
Who identified the four waves of terrorism?
David Rapoport’s
Four Waves Thesis. David Rapoport’s four waves of terrorism thesis posited a generational historical model that classified terrorist groups in time based on widely shared ideologies and tactics that transcended individual circumstances, countries, and places.
Which wave of terrorism occurred first?
Anarchist wave
The “Anarchist wave” was the first global or truly international terror- ist experience in history;’ three similar, consecutive, and overlapping ex- pressions followed. The “anticolonial wave” began in the 1920s and lasted about forty years.
What is cyber terrorism in cyber security?
Cyberterrorism is the convergence of cyberspace and terrorism. It refers to unlawful attacks and threats of attacks against computers, networks and the information stored therein when done to intimidate or coerce a government or its people in furtherance of political or social objectives.
What happens to other extremist movements during each wave of terrorism quizlet?
What happens to other extremist movements during each wave of terrorism? They continue to be active. Rapoport asserts that it is important not to overlook that during each wave, other extremist movements did not stand still.
What was the religious wave?
Islam, the Religious Wave’s most important religion, triggered the wave in 1979. Islamic groups created the self-martyrdom or “suicide bombing” tactic, which made the wave the most destructive and indiscriminate, and Muslim groups were global in their recruits and strikes.
What is information terrorism?
Information terrorism is the nexus between criminal information system fraud or abuse, and the physical violence of terrorism. Information and Stability: The Lure of Technology. Information technology offers new opportunities to terrorists.
What is an early example of terrorism quizlet?
What is one of the earliest examples of terrorism? As early as 66 – 72 A.D. In resistance to Roman occupation, terrorists killed Roman soldiers and destroyed Roman property.
What do Greenpeace and the Field Liberation Movement have in common?
What do Greenpeace and the Field Liberation Movement have in common? They have both been opposed to genetically modified organisms. Greenpeace is an internationally recognized name of an environmental protection movement with broad interests, including protests against genetically modified organisms.
When was the religious wave of terrorism?
1979
The religious wave of terrorism continues to dominate modern terrorism and pose transnational threats. The religious wave emerged in 1979 with the Iranian revolution, and David Rapoport has identified that if it follows the pattern of its three predecessors, the wave could disappear by 2025.
What was the purpose of the fourth wave of Terror?
The fourth wave produced an organization with a purpose and recruitment pattern unique in the history of terrorism; namely, Al Qaeda, led and financed by the Saudi Osama Bin Laden. It seeks to create a single state for all Muslims, a state that once existed, and one that would be governed by the Sharia, Islamic law.
Where was the first wave of modern terror?
Modern terror began in Russia in the 1880s. Within a decade it wave was complete. Anarchists initiated the activity, and their primary Balkans and India. but each was specific to a particular time and country.
Which is an example of secular rebel terror?
Significant examples of secular rebel terror appeared before the “Anarchist Wave” began. The United States, for example, experienced two major successful ones. The Sons of Liberty, provoked by the Stamp Act, organized mobs to tar and feather colonists still loyal to the king, (10) forcing many to flee the country and settle in Canada.
Who are the authors of non state terror?
Before that, as the Sons of Liberty and the KKK indicate, non -state terror was a mob activity. Russian writers created a strategy for terror, for successors to use, improve and transmit. Se rgei Nechaev; Nicholas Mozorov, Peter Kropotkin, and Serge Stepniak were leading contributors.