What is the history of civil service?
The origin of the modern meritocratic civil service can be traced back to Imperial examination founded in Imperial China. The first civil service examination system was established by Emperor Wen of Sui. Emperor Yang of Sui established a new category of recommended candidates for the mandarinate in AD 605.
How did civil service start?
On March 3, 1871, President Ulysses S. Grant signed into law the first U.S. civil service reform legislation, which had been passed by Congress. The act created the United States Civil Service Commission, that was implemented by President Grant and funded for two years by Congress lasting until 1874.
Why was the civil service formed?
This landmark legislation was intended to create a system that not only protected federal employment and employees from the excesses of partisan politics, but also provided the federal government with a competent and politically neutral work force.
When was civil service created?
The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government’s departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 (5 U.S.C. § 2101).
Who introduced the civil service and why?
During the British raj, Warren Hastings laid the foundation of civil service and Charles Cornwallis reformed, modernised, and rationalised it. Hence, Charles Cornwallis is known as ‘the Father of civil service in India’. Cornwallis introduced two divisions of the Indian Civil service—covenanted and uncovenanted.
How many types of civil service are there?
Although there are 23 different Civil Services, the most popular services are Indian Administrative Services (IAS), Indian Police Services (IPS), Indian Revenue Services (IRS) and Indian Foreign Services (IFS). The allotment of services to successful candidates depends on the rankings obtained in the examination.
What is the main purpose of the civil service?
The civil service carries out the work of Government and delivers public services. Civil servants are the permanent staff of departments of state, but they may also work for other public bodies.
What is the age limit for civils?
21 to 32 years
UPSC Exam Eligibility Snapshot
| Age Limit | 21 to 32 years |
|---|---|
| Age relaxation | As per category (mentioned below) |
| Number of Attempts | 06 (General and EWS) ; 09 (OBC); SC/ST (Upto age limit) |
| Educational qualification for UPSC Civil Services | Graduation from any recognized university |
| Nationality | Indian (For IAS and IPS); |
Who introduced civil service?
Does civil service still exist?
The present federal civil service system is much the same as in 1883. Only two new elements have been added—retirement and position-classification. However, the merit system has been vastly expanded, both in giving protection from spoils and politics and in requiring competitive tests and efficiency on the job.
Where do bureaucracies exist?
The basic characteristics that define the concept of bureaucracy are found in virtually all organizations, whether public or private, military or religious, for profit or nonprofit. Most organizations are bureaucracies, and most of their employees are bureaucrats.
Who was the father of civil service?
Charles Cornwallis
Hence, Charles Cornwallis is known as ‘the Father of civil service in India’. Cornwallis introduced two divisions of the Indian Civil service—covenanted and uncovenanted. The covenanted civil service consisted of only Europeans (i.e., British personnel) occupying the higher posts in the government.
How did civil service come about?
The civil service was an effort to establish a meritocracy. This means that people were promoted due to their “merit” or how well they scored on the exams and not based on their family or wealth. However, most of the officials came from wealthy and powerful families.
Why was the Civil Service System created?
The Civil Service Commission was created in an attempt to create a workforce of qualified people to do the work of the federal government. Using a competitive examination as a way to select the best qualified people for federal jobs was a significant move away from filling jobs based on political affiliation.
What are the advantages of civil services?
Another positive benefit of civil service is that it can provide the workforce with a predictable and easy to understand set of criteria for advancement. In many cases it clearly spells out the specific criteria needed in order to move upward (“through rank”) in the workforce.
What is the Civil Service System based on?
Civil service, the body of government officials who are employed in civil occupations that are neither political nor judicial. In most countries the term refers to employees selected and promoted on the basis of a merit and seniority system, which may include examinations.