How are the cells sorted?
There are three major methods used for cell sorting: single-cell sorting, fluorescent-activated cell sorting, and magnetic-activated cell sorting. The most commonly used methods are FACS (fluorescent activated cell sorting) and MACS (magnetic activated cell sorting).
Which methodology can be used to control the fluid movement inside microfluidic devices?
Hydrostatic pressure is the simplest way to generate controlled flows in a microfluidic system. The pressure difference is obtained by varying the altitude of the liquid to atmosphere interface in different reservoirs.
What are microfluidic devices?
Listen to pronunciation. (MY-kroh-floo-IH-dik dee-VISE) An instrument that uses very small amounts of fluid on a microchip to do certain laboratory tests. A microfluidic device may use body fluids or solutions containing cells or cell parts to diagnose diseases.
What is microfluidic channel?
The use of microfluidic channels allows patterning surfaces by restricting the flow of fluids to desired regions of a substrate. The patterning components — such as ligands, proteins, and cells — are deposited from the solution to create a pattern on the substrate.
Why is cell sorting important?
Cell sorting allows the separation of cells based on their intra- or extracellular properties, including DNA, RNA, and protein interactions, size, and surface protein expression. This is a unique attribute of many stem cell populations, including hematopoietic, embryonic, and cancer stem cells.
What is FACS cytometry?
Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), sometimes called fluorescence-assisted cell sorting, is a specialized type of flow cytometry that uses fluorescent markers to target and isolate cell groups. This cell sorting technique is commonly used in hematopoiesis, oncology, and stem cell biology research.
What is microfluidic cell sorting?
Microfluidic filters for cell separation and sorting Microfluidic or microscale filters are simple methods for separating cells based on size or deformability as biomarkers. These techniques allow you to precisely adjust the filter pore size to the required needs [2].
What are microfluidic devices made of?
Microfluidic chips are made from thermoplastics such as acrylic, glass, silicon, or a transparent silicone rubber called PDMS.
What is microfluidic technique?
Microfluidics is the science and technology of systems that process or manipulate small amounts of fluidics (10−9 to 10−18L), using channels measuring from tens to hundreds of micrometers. From: Chemical Analysis of Food: Techniques and Applications, 2012.
How are laminated microfluidic parts used in fabrication?
The laminated microfluidic parts are often used as a component of a larger cartridge. Micromachining may be used for the fabrication of microfluidic devices. In this approach, parts of a block of material such as plastic is removed using rotating tools or laser.
How is soft lithography used in microfluidic fabrication?
A term coined by Whitesides and coworkers, soft lithography is a diverse set of techniques that encompasses replica molding using an elastomeric material, specifically polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), for the fabrication of microfluidic devices as well as for the patterning of surfaces using PDMS stamps (microcontact printing) ( 19 ).
Which is the best process for casting microfluidic parts?
Most famous process for casting microfluidic parts is called soft-lithography. A two-part silicone resin called PDMS is poured into molds, cured, and de-molded. PDMS produces the highest fidelity and best quality of micro-features between all manufacturing technologies used for Microfluidics.
What makes microfluidic devices distinguishable from other devices?
What makes Microfluidic devices distinguishable from others is the presence of small micro features in the device. Feature size is the most important factor in the fabrication of Microfluidics so we describe the size range here. “Small” in Microfluidics means less than 1um to about 1000um.