What does tsutsugamushi mean?
Japanese tsutsugamushi scrub typhus mite, from tsutsuga sickness + mushi insect.
What disease does Orientia tsutsugamushi cause?
Scrub typhus, also known as bush typhus, is a disease caused by a bacteria called Orientia tsutsugamushi. Scrub typhus is spread to people through bites of infected chiggers (larval mites). The most common symptoms of scrub typhus include fever, headache, body aches, and sometimes rash.
Where is Orientia tsutsugamushi found?
Orientia tsutsugamushi is the etiologic agent of scrub typhus, a chigger-borne zoonosis that is a highly prevalent, life-threatening illness of greatest public health importance in tropical Asia and the islands of the western Pacific Ocean. The target cell of this bacterium is poorly defined in humans.
What is Typis?
Typhus is a disease caused by infection with one or more rickettsial bacteria. Fleas, mites (chiggers), lice, or ticks transmit it when they bite you. Fleas, mites, lice, and ticks are types of invertebrate animals known as arthropods.
How do humans get Q fever?
People can get infected by breathing in dust that has been contaminated by infected animal feces, urine, milk, and birth products. Some people never get sick; however, those who do usually develop flu-like symptoms including fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle pain.
Why is it called scrub typhus?
Scrub typhus, named because of its initial occurrence in areas of scrub vegetation, was first discovered in Japan in 1899, but it was not isolated until 1930. The disease occurs in Southeast Asia, including Thailand, India, Australia, Russia, Korea, the Pacific Islands, and Japan Chang (1995), Seong et al (2001).
Is scrub typhus a zoonotic disease?
Scrub typhus is a vector-borne zoonotic disease with the potential of causing life-threatening febrile infection in humans. The disease is caused by a Gram-negative bacterium, Orientia tsutsugamushi, and is transmitted by the larval stage of mites (“chiggers”) in the family Trombiculidae.
What is Eschar in scrub typhus?
An eschar is formed by the bite of chigger mite that inoculates the causative agent of Scrub typhus Orientia tsutsugamushi. The aim of this study is to determine the most common sites of eschars over the bodies of patients with Scrub typhus.
When was typhus first discovered?
Henrique da Rocha Lima, a Brazilian doctor, discovered the cause of epidemic typhus in 1916 while doing research on typhus in Germany.
What causes Coxiella burnetii?
Q fever is caused by inhalation or ingestion of the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. People are most often exposed to the bacterium from the milk, urine and feces of infected animals (for example, by inhaling contaminated air in a barnyard).
What are larval mites?
The larval mites feed on the skin cells of animals. The six-legged parasitic larvae feed on a large variety of creatures, including humans, rabbits, toads, box turtles, quail, and even some insects. After crawling onto their hosts, they inject digestive enzymes into the skin that break down skin cells.