How do you calculate lateral pressure in soil?
The in situ lateral pressure of soil is called earth pressure at rest and it is generally calculated by the product of the overburden stress times the coefficient K0; the latter is called the coefficient of earth pressure at rest.
What is density of soil?
Soil density is the relation between the mass and the volume of a dry soil sample. In its determination, an Uhland Sampler can be used, whose cylinder is inserted in the soil, in the medium depth of the soil layer which is explored by the roots of the plants.
What is lateral soil load?
a. Design lateral soil loads are given for moist conditions for the specified soils at their optimum densities. Actual field conditions shall govern. Submerged or saturated soil pressures shall include the weight of the buoyant soil plus the hydrostatic loads.
What is meant by lateral pressure?
“Lateral pressure” refers to any tendency (or propensity) of individuals and societies to expand their activities and exert influence and control beyond their established boundaries, whether for economic, political, military, scientific, religious, or other purposes (Choucri and North, 1972; 1975; Ashley, 1980; Choucri …
What are the two theories used to compute lateral earth pressure?
There are two commonly uses lateral earth pressure theories: Coulomb (1776) and Rankine (1857). An illustration of differences between at-rest, active and passive states is given in At-Rest State article. One should not use the Rankine method for Kp when b > 0, since it decreases with increasing b.
What is a lateral pressure?
Lateral Pressure refers to any tendency (or propensity) of individuals and societies to expand their activities and exert influence and control beyond their established boundaries, whether for economic, political, military, scientific, religious, or other purposes.
What is lateral earth pressure at rest?
Abstract. Under conditions where there is no lateral strain within the ground mass, the value of the lateral soil pressure is commonly called the lateral earth pressure at rest (K0). Sometimes it is also defined as the neutral lateral earth pressure or the lateral earth pressure at consolidated equilibrium.
What is saturated density of soil?
When the soil mass is saturated, its bulk density is called saturated density. Thus, saturated density is the ratio of the total soil mass of saturated sample to its total volume.
What is maximum dry density of soil?
The maximum peak point of the soil compaction curve obtained is called the Maximum dry density value. The water content corresponds to this point is called the Optimum water content (O.W.C) or optimum moisture content (O.M.C).
What is an example of a lateral load?
Typical lateral loads would be a wind load against a facade, an earthquake, the earth pressure against a beach front retaining wall or the earth pressure against a basement wall. Most lateral loads vary in intensity depending on the building’s geographic location, structural materials, height and shape.
What is mean by laterally?
1 : of or relating to the side a lateral view. 2 : situated on, directed toward, or coming from the side the lateral branches of a tree. 3 : extending from side to side the lateral axis of an airplane.
What is the value of lateral earth pressure?
The clay exerts a lateral earth pressure with value of 2c√K (in general). In case of active earth pressure the value of K is K a , and when the wall moves away from soil, the soil particles will disturbed and the cohesion of
What is the lateral pressure of a soil wedge?
The lateral pressure for this condition is referred to as active earth pressure. c. The wall may be pushed into the soil that is retained (Figure c). With sufficient wall movement, a soil wedge will fail. The lateral pressure for this condition is referred to as passive earth pressure.
How is lateral earth pressure related to backfill?
Initially when the wall is in a state of rest, a typical element of backfill at any depth is subjected to vertical stress due to self-weight of soil above the element and lateral earth pressure in the horizontal direction.
What causes the lateral pressure of the soil to increase?
Also, the movement of the wall towards the front soil causes compression of the soil, which, in turn, increases the lateral pressure from the front soil.