What does FECG stand for?
Abstract. Fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) signal contains potentially precise information that could assist clinicians in making more appropriate and timely decisions during labor. The ultimate reason for the interest in FECG signal analysis is in clinical diagnosis and biomedical applications.
Does fetal scalp electrode measure PP wave interval?
When recording the fetal ECG using a scalp electrode and skin electrode placed on the mother’s thigh, it is only the fetal ECG signal that has sufficient strength to show the p-wave. If the maternal heart rate, i.e. ECG, is recorded the p-wave will not be visible in the recording.
What does fetal tachycardia indicate?
Fetal tachyarrhythmia is an abnormally fast fetal heart rate. In some cases the fast heartbeat may also have an irregular rhythm. Tachyarrhythmia is one of several types of fetal cardiac arrhythmias, congenital heart conditions involving an abnormal heartbeat. The condition is also sometimes referred to as tachycardia.
When is fetal echo 2d done?
It’s typically done in the second trimester, between weeks 18 to 24. The exam uses sound waves that “echo” off the structures of the fetus’s heart.
What does fetal scalp electrode measure?
The fetal scalp electrode detects actual beat-to-beat electrical signals of the fetal heart, whereas the external monitor uses an “averaging algorithm” to smooth the signal generated from the Doppler. Regardless of the technology, the result is a recorded fetal heart rate.
What does a fetal scalp electrode determine?
A fetal scalp electrode or FSE is a spiral wire that can be placed on the scalp of the fetus to monitor their heart rate and ensure their well-being. Placing a fetal scalp electrode is a crucial part of directly monitoring the fetus inside the womb (internal fetal monitoring).
What happens if a fetus has tachycardia?
If the heart beats too fast, contractions are shallow and not enough blood is pumped with each heartbeat. As a result, the fetus can go into heart failure. The most common form of this condition is called supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), in which the heart rate can be faster than 200 beats per minute.
What are 3 possible explanations for fetal tachycardia?
The fetal tachycardia causes include maternal fever, dehydration or anxiety, maternal ketosis, medications like anticholinergic medications, sympathomimetic medications like terbutaline, fetal movement, preterm fetus, maternal thyrotoxicosis and maternal anaemia1.
Is fetal echo safe?
A fetal echocardiogram is a safe procedure without any known significant risks to you or your developing baby.
Is fetal echo safe during pregnancy?
Fetal echocardiography uses ultrasound waves which are safe for you and your baby. The procedure is not associated with any risks. Fetal echocardiography provides a detailed view of your baby’s heart which is indicated in certain cases of potential risk.
Why is fetal scalp electrode used?
How is a fetal scalp electrode attached?
A sensor is usually strapped to the mother’s thigh. A thin wire (electrode) from the sensor is put through the womb (uterus). The electrode is then attached to the baby’s scalp to monitor the baby’s heartbeat. A small tube (catheter) that measures contractions may be placed in the womb next to the baby.
Which is the best method for FECG extraction?
In this thesis, an easy-to use method has been implemented using adaptive noise canceller (ANC). Using the ANC, an effective algorithm has been proposed. The algorithm uses ANC, Least Mean Square (LMS) method and a Simulink model for the extraction of FECG.
How is a FECG extracted from a QRS signal?
The FECG extraction method has been implemented using an algorithm implemented on MATLAB using Simulink models. The extracted FECG signal is a noise free signal. The QRS complex has been detected using another algorithm that counts the R-R peaks.
Where does the FECG signal come from during pregnancy?
From 18th- 20thweek of conception the FECG signals can be measured from the abdomen of the mother. In the maternal abdomen the skin and the fat have very conductivity. Combining them forms a volume conductor which helps in the propagation of the ECG signals to the surface. Fig 1.2 shows the measurement of ECG signal from the fetus.
How is the heart rate of a FECG determined?
The heart rate of the FECG can be determined by calculating the R-R peaks of the QRS complex [4]. But, as the FECG signal is merged with MECG signal and various interferences, it is very difficult to calculate the heart rate from the raw signal. Hence, the FECG is extracted from the raw signal to get the proper heart rate of the fetal signal.