What is a peritoneal reflection?
The anterior peritoneal reflection separates the intra- and extraperitoneal portions of the rectum and is a well-defined anatomic landmark at laparotomy [1].
Where is the peritoneal reflection?
Some surgical books propose the anatomic reference of the second rectal valve as the location of the anterior peritoneal reflection, which should be approximately 8 cm and 6 cm from the anal verge in men and women, respectively [2, 13].
How much of rectum is extraperitoneal?
The distal one-third of the rectum is entirely extraperitoneal with no peritoneal interface. The rectum dilates distally at the rectal ampulla, which holds feces just before defecation.
What are the peritoneal reflections that form ligaments of the liver?
Reflecting off the diaphragm, you’ve got folds of peritoneum. These folds of peritoneum reflect off the inferior surface of the diaphragm and attach onto the liver. You’ve got these reflections from the inferior surface of the diaphragm which reflect onto the liver. This ligament here is called the coronary ligament.
What is the peritoneum mean?
Your peritoneum is the tissue that lines your abdominal wall and covers most of the organs in your abdomen. A liquid, peritoneal fluid, lubricates the surface of this tissue.
What is the peritoneum?
What are peritoneal recesses?
Peritoneal recesses (or peritoneal gutters) are the spaces formed by peritoneum draping over viscera. The term refers mainly to four spaces in the abdominal cavity; the two paracolic gutters and the two paramesenteric gutters. The left and right paramesenteric gutters.
How can you tell the difference between a sigmoid colon and a rectum?
At the level of the S3 vertebral body, the sigmoid colon loses its mesentery and becomes the rectum. As the rectum passes in front of the sacrum, it takes an AP concave shape. It is also sinuous with three alternating bends when viewed anteriorly.
How does the peritoneum reflect over the liver?
Four double folds of peritoneum extend from the edges of the line of reflection. Passing forward is the falciform ligament as we’ve seen. Passing to right and left near the top of the liver are the two triangular ligaments.
What are peritoneal attachments of liver?
Liver ligaments are double-layered folds of peritoneum that attach the liver to surrounding organs, or to the abdominal wall. The majority of ligaments associated with the liver are remnants of embryological blood vessels that regressed as the fetus developed.
What is the length of the peritoneal reflection?
The mean lengths of the peritoneal reflection were 9 cm anteriorly, 12.2 cm laterally, and 14.8 cm posteriorly for females, and 9.7 cm anteriorly, 12.8 cm laterally, and 15.5 cm posteriorly for males.
What is the potential space between the perietal and visceral peritoneum?
The potential space between the perietal and visceral peritoneum is called the peritoneal cavity. reflection = (1) a turning or bending back; a bending back upon its course. (2) in physics, the turning back of a ray of light, sound, or heat when it strikes against a surface that it does not penetrate.
What happens if a tumor is above the peritoneal reflection?
If the tumor is located above the peritoneal reflection, then the danger of injury to the bowel is increased with opening of the peritoneal reflection. However, the location and length of the peritoneal reflection are highly variable.
How to recognize anterior peritoneal reflection in 61 year old man?
C, Anorectal junction (ARJ) in 61-year-old man is delineated by arrowheads. Distance from ARJ to anterior peritoneal reflection is delineated by straight line. Tumor is indicated by stars.