What is elevated in seminoma?
Beta–human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) levels are elevated inn 5-10% of patients with seminomas; elevation may correlate with metastatic disease but not with overall survival.
What is the most common cancer found in a patient with cryptorchidism?
The TGCT most commonly associated with cryptorchidism is seminoma. It is generally accepted that the classical seminomas develop from a precursor lesion, intratubular germ cell neoplasia (or carcinoma in situ, CIS).
Is LDH a tumor marker for seminoma?
Testicular Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) LDH is less specific for testis cancer than HCG or AFP. However, elevated LDH levels are correlated to high tumor burden in seminoma and recurrence in NSGCT.
Are seminoma malignant?
Seminoma is a malignant germ cell tumor that involves most commonly the testicle or less frequently the mediastinum, the retroperitoneum, or other extra-gonadal sites. They are common among men ages 15-34 years old.
How is a seminoma diagnosed?
Diagnosing seminoma is a multi-step process that entails a medical history, physical examination, testicular ultrasound, and blood tests to check for tumor markers. If testicular cancer is suspected based on these test results, a doctor will recommend surgery to remove the testicle and the tumor.
What makes a seminoma different from a nonseminoma?
Accordingly, seminomas have differentiated cells, unlike the nonseminomas that are composed of undifferentiated cells that have the potential to differentiate along any cell lineage. This can be considered as the key difference between these tumors.
What’s the difference between nsgct and seminoma cancer?
There are several differences between seminomas and NSGCT, but the initial distinction is based on how the tumor looks under the microscope. Seminomas tend to grow and spread more slowly than NSGCT, although some seminomas can grow very rapidly. Subtypes of seminoma include:
What kind of cells are in a seminomatous tumor?
Seminomatous tumors are the germ cell tumors composed of cells that resemble primordial germ cells or early gonocytes and nonseminomatous tumors contain undifferentiated embryonic stem cells that can differentiate among different cell lines. Accordingly, seminomas have differentiated cells,…
How old do you have to be to get a seminoma?
Most of the cells have an enlarged central nucleus with a prominent nucleus. About 15% of seminomas contain syncytiotrophoblasts in which case the serum hCG levels are elevated. This subset of seminomatous tumors predominantly affects older men who above 65 years of age.