What is UDP in bacteria?
UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide (UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide) is well known to be a key intermediate of bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis. L-Lactams and glycopeptides are the widely used agents, which inhibit bacterial cell wall biosynthesis [1].
What is UDP-n-acetylmuramic acid?
UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid (UDP-MurNAc) is a potent inhibitor of MurA (enolpyruvyl-UDP-GlcNAc synthase) Biochemistry.
What is peptidoglycan cell wall?
The peptide chain can be cross-linked to the peptide chain of another strand forming the 3D mesh-like layer. Peptidoglycan serves a structural role in the bacterial cell wall, giving structural strength, as well as counteracting the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm.
What is the difference between NAM and nag?
The key difference between NAG and NAM is that the N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) does not have a pentapeptide attached to it while the N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) has a pentapeptide attached to it. Peptidoglycan is unique to bacteria, and it is the component that is present in the bacterial cell wall.
What lipopolysaccharide means?
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond; they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
Why is peptidoglycan a good target for antibiotics?
Antibiotics commonly target bacterial cell wall formation (of which peptidoglycan is an important component) because animal cells do not have cell walls. The peptidoglycan layer is important for cell wall structural integrity, being the outermost and primary component of the wall.
What is the full form of UDP in biochemistry?
Uridine diphosphate (UDP) is a carrier of monosaccharides and their derivatives in a variety of reactions (see bilirubin, lactose, galactose and mannose metabolism, glycogen synthesis, and other pathways). From: Medical Biochemistry (Fourth Edition), 2002.
How are archaebacteria and eubacteria different?
(a) Archaebacteria different form eubacteria in that eubacteria have cell membrane composed mainly of glycerol-ester lipids, while archaebacteria have membrane made up of glycerol-ether lipid. This stability helps archaebacteria to survive at high temperture and in very acidic or alkaline environment.
What is Bayer’s Junction?
Bayer’s junctions have been proposed to form between the outer leaflet of the inner membrane and the inner leaflet of the outer membrane. These junctions could allow for the passive diffusion of GPLs between both inner and outer membranes continuously.