What was a Panathenaic amphora used for?
Amphoras filled with olive oil from trees sacred to Athena were awarded as prizes to victors of athletic competitions held during the Athenian festival of the Panathenaia.
What was put in the Panathenaic amphora?
olive oil
Panathenaic amphorae were the amphorae, large ceramic vessels, that contained the olive oil given as prizes in the Panathenaic Games. Some were ten imperial gallons (12 US gal; 45 L) and 60–70 cm (24–28 in) high. This oil came from the sacred grove of Athena at Akademia.
What was the Panathenaic amphora filled with and used for?
The Greater Panathenaia, a state religious festival, honored Athena, the patron goddess of Athens. Held every four years, the festival included athletic and musical competitions, and amphorae filled with oil from Athena’s sacred olive trees were given as prizes in the Panathenaic Games.
What does the amphora symbolize?
An amphora (Greek: amphoreus) is a jar with two vertical handles used in antiquity for the storage and transportation of foodstuffs such as wine and olive oil. The name derives from the Greek amphi-phoreus meaning ‘carried on both sides’, although the Greeks had adopted the design from the eastern Mediterranean.
How many people made the Panathenaic prize amphora?
Victorious boxers received 60 amphoras of Athenian olive oil at the Panathenaic games. Roughly equal to 600 gallons, this was a valuable prize. The boxers are framed by a partly veiled personification of the Olympic games (“Olympias”) and a bearded referee.
What was shown on the other side of a Panathenaic amphora?
Even when vases were mainly produced in the red figure the Panathenaic amphoras were still made in black figure and would show on one side the sport or game of the Panathenaic festival that the athletes competed. The reverse side always showed Athena, the goddess celebrated during the festival.
Who created the Panathenaic amphora?
the Euphiletos Painter
The amphora was made by the Euphiletos Painter in 530 BC near the end of the Archaic Period of Greece. It was discovered in Attica. Made out of terracotta, the amphora has a height of 24.5 inches (62.2 cm).
Why is the amphora important?
Amphorae provide one of the most important sources of evidence for the tracing the supply of foodstuffs to Rome and the frontiers, as well as flows of trade across the empire. In particular, they were par excellence the vessels of maritime trade in the Roman empire.
How many types of amphora are there?
two types
There are two types of amphora: the neck amphora, in which the neck meets the body at a sharp angle; and the one-piece amphora, in which the neck and body form a continuous curve. The first is common from the Geometric period (c. 900 bc) to the decline of Greek pottery; the second appeared in the 7th century bc.
What events were held as part of the Panathenaic Games?
The athletic events were the stadion, pentathlon, wrestling, boxing, and pankration. The equestrian events were two-horse chariot race, horse race, and javelin throw on horseback. Based on the inscription, we learn that the prizes given to the men and the youth were different.
What was the attic Panathenaic amphora made of?
terracotta
It was discovered in Attica. Made out of terracotta, the amphora has a height of 24.5 inches (62.2 cm).
Who invented the amphora?
Etymology. Amphora is a Greco-Roman word developed in ancient Greek during the Bronze Age. The Romans acquired it during the Hellenization that occurred in the Roman Republic. Cato is the first known literary person to use it.
How big was a Panathenaic amphora of olive oil?
Panathenaic amphorae were the amphorae, large ceramic vessels, that contained the olive oil given as prizes in the Panathenaic Games. Some were ten imperial gallons (12 US gal; 45 L) and 60–70 cm (24–28 in) high.
Which is the first example of a Panathenaic amphora?
Their canonical shape was set by 530 BC, but the earliest known example is the Burgon vase (British Museum, B130), which depicts Athena’s owl nestling on the neck of the vase and on the reverse is a synoris team. This may mean that the vase predates the festival’s reorganization in 566 since it is not an athletic event.
What was the prize in the Panathenaic Games?
Panathenaic amphora. Panathenaic amphorae were the amphorae, large ceramic vessels, that contained the olive oil given as prizes in the Panathenaic Games.
What was the age limit for the Panathenaea?
Every event, except for the torch and boat races, consisted of three different age categories: boys (12-16), ageneios (men without a beard, 16-20) and men (20+). These athletic contests took place in the Agora until in 330 B.C when a stadium was built in the outskirts of Athens for this purpose.