What is ucp3?
UCPs facilitate the transfer of anions from the inner to the outer mitochondrial membrane and transfer of protons from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane, reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential in mammalian cells.
What is mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation?
Fatty acid oxidation is the mitochondrial aerobic process of breaking down a fatty acid into acetyl-CoA units. Fatty acids move in this pathway as CoA derivatives utilizing NAD and FAD. Fatty acids are activated before oxidation, utilizing ATP in the presence of CoA-SH and acyl-CoA synthetase.
What does uncoupling protein do?
Uncoupling proteins are mitochondrial carrier proteins which are able to dissipate the proton gradient of the inner mitochondrial membrane. This uncoupling process reduces the amount of ATP generated through an oxidation of fuels.
What is hepatic fatty acid oxidation?
Fatty acids are oxidized in mitochondria to provide hepatocytes with ATP and NADH to facilitate gluconeogenesis and generate acetyl-CoA, the carbon substrate for ketogenesis. This enables the liver to buffer blood glucose and provide alternative fuel (ketone bodies) for highly oxidative tissues during food deprivation.