What is Reticulogranular appearance?
Reticulogranular opacities are present throughout both lungs, with prominent air bronchograms and total obscuration of the cardiac silhouette. Cystic areas in the right lung may represent dilated alveoli or early pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE). Complication of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
What is Reticulogranular pattern?
Reticulogranularity. A reticulogranular pattern, or ground glass appearance, uniformly distributed throughout both lung fields is. characteristic of RDS. Because of surfactant deficiency, alveoli.
What do air bronchograms indicate?
Proximal or intermediate air bronchograms signify accumulation of secretions in central bronchi and indicate the need for fibreoptic bronchoscopy to aspirate secretions: a distal air bronchogram signifies peripheral bronchial obstruction thus precluding effective fibreoptic bronchoscopy; chest physiotherapy is then a …
What is Exosurf?
Colfosceril palmitate (trade name Exosurf) is a drug used as a pulmonary surfactant. It is a drug that is used in surfactant deficient conditions such as infant respiratory distress syndrome in newborns.
Does RDS cause atelectasis?
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: The primary cause of RDS is inadequate pulmonary surfactant. The structurally immature and surfactant-deficient lung has ↓ compliance and a tendency to atelectasis; other factors in preterm infants that ↑ the risk of atelectasis are decreased alveolar radius and weak chest wall.
How is RDS diagnosed?
RDS is usually diagnosed by a combination of assessments, including the following: Appearance, color, and breathing efforts (indicate a baby’s need for oxygen). Chest X-rays of lungs. X-rays are electromagnetic energy used to produce images of bones and internal organs onto film.
What diagnosis does the presence of air Bronchograms suggest?
Traditionally, the air bronchogram sign is used for diagnosis of alveolar disease with rare exceptions. In our study, the air bronchogram sign was defined as an air-containing bronchus or bronchioles within the SPL in lung cancer, bronchiectasis, and pneumonia.
When do you see air Bronchograms?
Air bronchograms can be seen with several processes: pulmonary consolidation. pulmonary edema: especially with alveolar edema. non-obstructive atelectasis.
What is Exosurf used for?
Labeling for the drug states that Exosurf Neonatal for Intratracheal Suspension “is indicated for (1) prophylactic treatment of infants with birth weight less than 1350 grams who are at risk of developing RDS, (2) prophylactic treatment of infants with birth weight greater than 1350 grams who have evidence of pulmonary …
Why was Exosurf discontinued?
Exosurf®, used from 1991 to 2008, was a synthetic PS of DPPC with 9% hexadecanol and 6% tyloxapol, which was not effective due to lack of SPs, and its production was discontinued in 2008.
What organisms commonly cause newborn pneumonia?
Pneumonia in infants aged three weeks to three months is most often bacterial; Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen. In infants older than four months and in preschool-aged children, viruses are the most frequent cause of CAP; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common.