What is push back in mining?
A ‘Pushback’ represents an area that can be mined in a single continuous operation as defined within the. Ultimate Pit. • The basic objective is to create a pushback shape which attempts to meet defined primary targets, such as. ore tonnage, stripping ratios or mined grade.
What are the 3 types of mining methods?
Mining Methods
- Open Cut. Open cut (or open pit) mining involves digging and/or drilling and blasting to remove the resource or ore for processing.
- Dredge mining.
- Shaft.
- Decline or tunnel.
- Block cave.
- Continuous Mining.
- Longwall Mining.
- Coal Seam Gas (CSG)
What are the 5 types of mining?
5 Different Types of Mining
- Strip Mining.
- Open Pit Mining.
- Mountaintop Removal.
- Dredging.
- Highwall Mining.
What is a pit shell?
Explanation: The pit shell is the defined area where the mining is to take place. Imagine an irregular shape, and put it into the earth crust. The inside is the mining area, the outline is the shell.
What is the first step of mining called?
Exploration and prospecting The beginning of any mining project begins with the exploration stage; it’s where the magic happens. Companies enlist geologists and others to understand the characteristics of the land and prospect remote areas in search of mineral deposits.
What are the 4 main mining methods?
There are four main mining methods: underground, open surface (pit), placer, and in-situ mining.
- Underground mines are more expensive and are often used to reach deeper deposits.
- Surface mines are typically used for more shallow and less valuable deposits.
What is area strip?
Area Stripping extracts ore over a large, flat terrain in long strips. The overburden of rocks and soil is dropped in the previous strip so that long gaps aren’t left in the earth after mining is complete. Contour mining is a version of strip mining that follows the contours of outcrops and hilly terrains.
What does Lom mean in mining?
Life of mine (LOM) Number of years that an operation is scheduled to mine and treat ore, and is based on the current mine plan.
What is pit shell Optimisation?
Pit optimization is used to define the most profitable pit shell (or nested pit shells) for a given set of economic parameters. The economic parameters include the metal prices, process recoveries, and operating costs.
What are the 4 stages of mining?
The mining industry operates through a sequence of stages: exploration, discovery, development, production and reclamation.
Is the mining cycle a boom or Bust?
The Mining Cycle – Booms and Busts Unlike industrial companies such as Amcor or Transurban, profits for mining companies are inherently cyclical. The earnings from mining companies are subject to booms and busts, largely outside the control of their management teams.
What happens at Stage 2 of the mining cycle?
At stage 2 of the cycle, management teams at the mining companies are likely to be running existing mines at full capacity and have developed some confidence that elevated prices will persist for some time. This incentivises new exploration and capex is allocated to bring previously uneconomic discoveries into production.
What are the steps in open pit mining?
The exploitation of open pit deposits usually takes place through a series of mining phases, commonly known as pushbacks. In open pit metalliferous mining, each pushback considers the extraction of one or more benches simultaneously in a process where the core operational tasks include: drilling, blasting, loading and hauling.