What is direct transesterification?
Direct transesterification (DT) is a method of converting saponifiable lipids in situ directly to fatty acid methyl esters which can be quantified by gas chromatography (GC). This eliminates the extraction step and results in a rapid, one-step procedure applicable to small samples.
Which microorganism is suitable to be used as oil source for biodiesel production?
Oleaginous microorganisms
Oleaginous microorganisms can accumulate 20%–25% of lipids. These microbial lipids can be used as a raw material for biodiesel production by transesterification. Oleaginous microorganisms include microalgae, bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. Filamentous fungi serve as an ideal source for bio-oil production.
How are lipids formed?
Triacylglycerols, commonly called triglycerides (known as lipids), are formed by combining glycerol with three fatty acid molecules.
What is oleaginous yeast?
Oleaginous yeast species are an alternative for the production of lipids or triacylglycerides (TAGs). These yeasts are usually non-pathogenic and able to store TAGs ranging from 20 % to 70 % of their cell mass depending on culture conditions.
How is fame critical in transesterification?
The process of simultaneous lipid extraction and transesterification of lipids to FAME not only saves the time but also reduces the addition of organic solvents in large amounts. Moreover, this process can decrease the cost of instrument installation and maintenance, and the energy consumption [13,21].
What are pretreatment steps used in bio diesel production?
Pretreatment means the applied stages required in the plant in order to process feed- stocks prior to their conversion to biodiesel. Such stages typically involve reducing factors of negative impacts on the biodiesel production process such as water, gums, suspended particles, polymers, and mostly FFAs.
Which of the following is the meaning of second generation biofuel technology?
Second-generation biofuels, also known as advanced biofuels, are fuels that can be manufactured from various types of non-food biomass. Biomass in this context means plant materials and animal waste used especially as a source of fuel.
How does FAME analysis work?
Fatty acid profiling (also known as the analysis of fatty acid methyl esters, or FAME) determines the quality of oil seeds and processed oil by identifying and quantifying the fatty acids present in a sample.