What causes AV nicking?
This is most commonly seen in eye disease caused by high blood pressure (hypertensive retinopathy).
How does hypertension cause AV nicking?
In the vasoconstrictive phase, an acute rise in blood pressure causes the retinal vessels to increase their vascular tone, which manifests clinically as generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing.
What is the treatment for hypertensive retinopathy?
Your doctor may prescribe blood pressure medications such as diuretics, beta-blockers, or ACE inhibitors. You can control this condition by controlling your blood pressure. If your condition is severe, however, you may have irreversible eye damage that causes permanent vision problems.
What is focal arteriolar narrowing?
Focal arteriolar narrowing is attributed to localized areas of spasm of the arteriolar wall and can be reversible. Persistent focal arteriolar narrowing may be due to edema in the wall of the arteriole or to localized areas of fibrosis.
Is AV nicking serious?
Arteriovenous nicking is a major predisposing factor to the development of a branch retinal vein occlusion. If acute disease is severe, the following can develop: Superficial flame-shaped hemorrhages. Small, white, superficial foci of retinal ischemia (cotton-wool spots)
Does hypertensive retinopathy go away?
In many cases, the damage caused by hypertensive retinopathy can slowly heal if the necessary steps to lower one’s blood pressure are taken. These steps may include making lifestyle changes such as giving up smoking and losing weight, as well as taking medication as prescribed by a doctor.
What is Involutional sclerosis?
crescent or involutionary sclerosis is defined as an ageing process affecting. arteries and arterioles, appearing histologically as a relative or replacement. fibrosis of patchy distribution. The condition is not caused by, but may be. associated with, high blood pressure.
What is hollenhorst plaque?
Hollenhorst plaques (Figure 1) refer to yellow, orange refractile cholesterol emboli which occur at retinal arteriole bifurcations arising from carotid or aortic arch atheromatous disease.