What are Th1 responses?
Th1-type cytokines tend to produce the proinflammatory responses responsible for killing intracellular parasites and for perpetuating autoimmune responses. Interferon gamma is the main Th1 cytokine.
What is the function of T-bet?
T-bet is an essential regulator of effector differentiation and function in multiple different immune lineages, including CD4, CD8, NKT, ILC (including NK) and B cells. Inflammatory cytokines induce T-bet expression in a graded manner, which in turn regulates distinct differentiation outcomes.
What determines a Th1 or Th2 response?
Whether a Th1 or a Th2 response is induced is determined when TCRs recognize the specific antigen peptide and induce the release of intracellular signals [such as protein kinase C (PKC), calcium ions, nuclear factor-κB] that help generate the appropriate immune response.
What inhibits Th1 response?
Glucocorticoids are widely used in the therapy of inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic diseases. Previous studies have indicated that glucocorticoids inhibit Th1 and enhance Th2 cytokine secretion. IL-12 promotes Th1 cell-mediated immunity, while IL-4 stimulates Th2 humoral-mediated immunity.
Is Th1 or Th2 better?
Th1 and Th2 cells play an important role in immunity. Th1 cells stimulate cellular immune response, participate in the inhibition of macrophage activation and stimulate B cells to produce IgM, IgG1. Th2 stimulates humoral immune response, promotes B cell proliferation and induces antibody production (IL-4).
What is type 1 and type 2 inflammation?
For most infections, save those caused by large eukaryotic pathogens, type 1 immunity is protective, whereas type 2 responses assist with the resolution of cell-mediated inflammation.
What does T-bet mean?
T-box expressed in T cells
T-box transcription factor TBX21, also called T-bet (T-box expressed in T cells) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBX21 gene.
What is the difference between T helper 1 and 2?
Th1 cells stimulate cellular immune response, participate in the inhibition of macrophage activation and stimulate B cells to produce IgM, IgG1. Th2 stimulates humoral immune response, promotes B cell proliferation and induces antibody production (IL-4).