What is the 2 cell 2 gonadotropin theory?
According to the two-cell–two-gonadotropin theory, luteinizing hormone stimulates thecal cells to produce androgens, and follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates granulosa cells to produce estrogens from androgens. Follicle-stimulating hormone is thought to have little effect on thecal-cell androgen production.
What are the 2 gonadotropin hormones?
Gonadotrophs, cells that constitute about 10 percent of the pituitary gland, secrete two primary gonadotropins: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The amount and rate of secretion of these hormones vary widely at different ages and at different times during the menstrual cycle in women.
What hormone is produced by granulosa cells?
The granulosa cells respond to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and produce estrogen.
How do granulosa cells make estrogen?
Theca and granulosa cell cooperation in estrogen synthesis. Theca cells produce androgens in response to luteinizing hormone (LH). Granulosa cells respond to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) mainly by aromatizing androgens to estrogens and to some extent by producing pregnenolone from cholesterol.
What is ovarian Folliculogenesis?
Folliculogenesis is the developmental process of ovarian follicles starting from a reserve of quiescent primordial follicles set up in early life and ending with either ovulation or follicular death by atresia.
What is the main function of gonadotropin?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone causes the pituitary gland in the brain to make and secrete the hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In men, these hormones cause the testicles to make testosterone. In women, they cause the ovaries to make estrogen and progesterone.
What type of hormone is gonadotropin?
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are called gonadotropins because stimulate the gonads – in males, the testes, and in females, the ovaries. They are not necessary for life, but are essential for reproduction.
What fluid is produced by granulosa cells?
However, after ovulation the granulosa cells turn into granulosa lutein cells that produce progesterone. The progesterone may maintain a potential pregnancy and causes production of a thick cervical mucus that inhibits sperm entry into the uterus.
What is granulosa cell?
The granulosa cell (GC) is a critical somatic component of the ovary. It is essential for follicle development by supporting the developing oocyte, proliferating and producing sex steroids and disparate growth factors.
What are granulosa cells made of?
They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle.
What is Luteinized follicle?
Luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome is defined as a failure of ovulation in which, despite the absence of follicular rupture and release of the oocyte, the unruptured follicle undergoes luteinization under the action of LH.