What is sporozoites in biology?
Definition of sporozoite : a usually motile infective form of some sporozoans that is a product of sporogony and initiates an asexual cycle in the new host.
What is the function of sporozoites?
The sporozoite-specific transmembrane surface protein TRAP (thrombospondin-related anonymous protein) is the founding member of a protein family that mediates cell invasion in Apicomplexan parasites (Tomley and Soldati, 2001).
What are sporozoites in zoology?
Sporozoite is a motile, infective form of few sporozoans that is an outcome of sporogony initiating an asexual cycle in the new host. It is a cell form which infects the new hosts. Sporozoites are carried by the blood into the liver. Here they turn into schizonts, mature forms.
What is Sporozoan in science?
: any of a large class (Sporozoa) of strictly parasitic nonmotile protozoans that have a complex life cycle usually involving both asexual and sexual generations often in different hosts and include important pathogens (such as malaria parasites and babesias)
How are sporozoites made?
Plasmodium life-cycle Gametocytes within a mosquito develop into sporozoites. The sporozoites are transmitted via the saliva of a feeding mosquito to the human bloodstream. From there they enter liver parenchyma cells, where they divide and form merozoites.
Why are sporozoites important?
The ability of sporozoites to interact with different types of cells requires a wide variety of mechanisms allowing them to survive in both hosts: mobility, receptor-ligand interactions with different cellular receptors, and transformation and development into other invasive parasite forms, which are vitally important …
What causes Sporozoan?
Most sporozoans have a complex life-cycle, involving both asexual and sexual reproduction. Typically, a host is infected by ingesting cysts, which divide to produce sporozoites that enter the host’s cells. Eventually, the cells burst, releasing merozoites which infect new host cells.
Which disease is caused by a Sporozoan?
[Note: A group of non-flagelled, non-ciliated, and non-amoeboid protists – the Sporozoans – are also responsible for widespread human diseases such as malaria (Plasmodium sp., transmitted by mosquitoes) and toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii, contracted from unpasteurized milk, undercooked meat, or house cats) that …
How merozoites are formed?
Gametocytes within a mosquito develop into sporozoites. The sporozoites are transmitted via the saliva of a feeding mosquito to the human bloodstream. From there they enter liver parenchyma cells, where they divide and form merozoites. (schizogony) into many individuals (merozoites).
Where does a sporozoite develop in a mosquito?
Infectious stages A sporozoite (ancient Greek sporos, seed + zōon, animal) is the cell form that infects new hosts. In Plasmodium, for instance, the sporozoites are cells that develop in the mosquito’s salivary glands, leave the mosquito during a blood meal, and enter liver cells (hepatocytes), where they multiply.
What happens when a sporozoite bursts into the bloodstream?
Cells infected with sporozoites eventually burst, releasing merozoites into the bloodstream. Sporozoites are motile and they move by gliding. A merozoite (G. meros, part [of a series] + zōon, animal) is the result of merogony that takes place within a host cell.
What kind of protein is the circumsporozoite protein?
Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is a secreted protein of the sporozoite stage of the malaria parasite ( Plasmodium sp.) and is the antigenic target of RTS,S, a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine currently undergoing clinical trials.
How are sporozoites transported to the salivary glands?
Upon egression from mature oocysts, sporozoites begin migrating to the salivary glands, and CSP is known to be an important mediator of this process. Additionally, CSP is involved in hepatocyte binding in the mammalian host. Here, the N-terminus and central repeat region initially facilitate parasite binding.