What is hematological malignancy?
Hematologic malignancies are cancers that begin in blood-forming tissue, such as the bone marrow, or in the cells of the immune system. There are three main types of hematologic malignancies: leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
What are characteristics of hematologic malignancies?
Background: Hematological malignancies are primary cancers of the blood and blood-forming organs (bone marrow and lymphoid tissues), which includes leukemia, lymphoma and plasma cell dyscrasia.
Who hematologic malignancy classification?
The classification includes lymphoid, myeloid, his- tiocytic, and mast cell neoplasms. The WHO project involves 10 committees of pa- thologists, who have developed lists and definitions of disease entities.
What is the most common hematological malignancy?
Indeed, with an annual rate of 7.9 per 100 000 per year, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common haematological malignancy, and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), which like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is also a mature B-cell neoplasm, is the next most common.
What causes hematologic malignancy?
Hematologic cancers, like all malignant disorders, are caused by the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. These abnormal cells arise from normal cells that have undergone a change, making them unable to respond to normal control mechanisms that limit their growth and division.
What is hematologic toxicity?
Hematological toxicity is a decrease in bone marrow and blood cells, which may lead to infection, bleeding, or anemia. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) classifies five grades for blood toxicity, which refer to the severity of the adverse event (Table 1).
Who acute leukemia classification?
Four major groups of acute myeloid leukemia are recognized: 1) Acute myeloid leukemias with recurrent genetic abnormalities, 2) Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia, 3) Acute myeloid leukemias, therapy related, and 4) Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise categorized.
Is CLL a hematologic malignancy?
Objective: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment has changed dramatically, and landscape of second hematologic malignancies (SHM) evolves in the new era of targeted therapy.
Is lymphoma a hematologic malignancy?
Cancer that begins in blood-forming tissue, such as the bone marrow, or in the cells of the immune system. Examples of hematologic cancer are leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.
Is neutropenia hematologic toxicity?
Neutropenia, the most serious hematologic toxicity, is associated with the risk of life-threatening infections as well as chemotherapy dose reductions and delays that may compromise treatment outcomes.