What is a syndactyly?
Children with syndactyly are born with 2 or more fingers or toes that are joined. The joined digits may look webbed, and they may not move well. For some children, syndactyly is only 1 feature of a more complex genetic condition or other syndrome.
Is a syndactyly a dominant trait?
Non-syndromic syndactyly is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, although the more severe presenting types and sub types appear to have autosomal recessive and in some cases X-linked hereditary.
What is syndactyly associated with?
Syndactyly can be an isolated finding, or it can be found in association with other abnormalities (eg, polydactyly, cleft hands, ring constrictions, and craniofacial syndromes). It is a shared feature of more than 28 syndromes, including Poland, Apert, and Holt-Oram syndromes.
What are the causes of syndactyly?
Many cases seem to occur without an apparent cause, while some may occur due to a genetic ( inherited ) defect, environmental exposure during pregnancy, or a combination or both factors. Syndactyly may also occur as a part of an underlying genetic syndrome and can be found in over 300 different genetic syndromes.
What are animal fingers called?
In biology, dactyly is the arrangement of digits (fingers and toes) on the hands, feet, or sometimes wings of a tetrapod animal.
What type of mutation is syndactyly?
Syndactyly type V (Dowd type; fusion of 4/5 metacarpals) Type V syndactyly is inherited as an autosomal dominant entity, and it has been attributed to a missense mutation in homeodomain of HOXD13 in a Chinese family.
Is syndactyly recessive?
Most syndactyly types follow autosomal dominant inheritance, 25 but SD7 and SD9 are autosomal recessive, 1 and SD5 is X-linked recessive. Generally, autosomal dominant phenotypes are less severe with variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance.
Is syndactyly genetic?
Syndactyly often runs in families. About 10 to 40 percent of children with syndactyly inherit the condition from a parent. In some cases, the condition is part of genetic syndrome, such as Poland syndrome or Apert syndrome.
What is osseous syndactyly?
Definition: Hand, Osseous Syndactyly of. Objective: Lateral (A/P) fusion of the digits (phalanges and/or metacarpals) by hard tissue (cartilage and/or bone)