What is a straight chain carbon?
An alkane is a hydrocarbon in which there are only single covalent bonds. These alkanes are called straight-chain alkanes because the carbon atoms are connected in one continuous chain with no branches. Naming and writing structural and molecular formulas for the straight-chain alkanes is straightforward.
Can carbon form a straight chain?
Both molecules have four carbon atoms as well as ten hydrogen atoms (C4H10), but the atoms are arranged differently in the two compounds. In n-butane, all four carbon atoms are lined up in a straight chain. In n-pentane (see figure below), the carbon atoms form a straight chain.
What is a branched chain carbon molecule?
A branched chain alkane or branched alkane is an alkane which has alkyl groups bonded to its central carbon chain. Branched alkanes contain only carbon and hydrogen (C and H) atoms, with carbons connected to other carbons by single bonds only, but the molecules contain branches (methyl, ethyl, etc.)
What is a chain of carbon atoms called?
Saturated hydrocarbons that have a continuous chain of carbon atoms do not have any “branches.” They are called normal alkanes. Their structures are often drawn with the carbon chain in a horizontal line.
What is the straight chain?
Definition of straight chain : an open chain of atoms having no side chains —usually hyphenated when used attributively.
What are straight and branched chain alkane?
November 11, 2019 Posted by Madhu. The key difference between straight and branched chain alkanes is that in straight-chain alkanes, all the carbon atoms bond with each other forming a continuous chain whereas branched-chain alkanes have side chains attached to a continuous carbon chain.
What are straight chain isomers?
Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. For example, pentane has three possible isomers in which one is a linear straight-chain alkane and two are branched alkanes. When branched, the nomenclature can be different because of common and IUPAC names.
Why are carbon chains in alkanes not straight?
The carbon atoms in alkanes are sp3-hybridized, and have tetrahedral shapes, with the bonded atoms at angles of 109.5° to each other. Free rotation is possible around the carbon-carbon single bonds in alkanes, making the carbon chains very flexible and “floppy” — particularly for the larger molecules.
Which of the following is a straight chain alkane?
List of straight-chain alkanes
| Number of C atoms | Number of isomers | Name of straight chain |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | methane |
| 2 | 1 | ethane |
| 3 | 1 | propane |
| 4 | 2 | n-butane |
What are straight chain hydrocarbons and branched chain hydrocarbons?
Many hydrocarbons have branches of C atoms attached to a chain; they are called branched hydrocarbons. These branched alkanes are isomers of straight-chain alkanes having the same number of C atoms. However, they are different compounds with different physical and chemical properties.
What are the three carbon chains?
For a three carbon chain the name is propane. Three propane, two ethane, and one is just methane. For a four carbon chain the name is butane. Four butane, three propane , two ethane, and one is just methane. For a five carbon chain the name is pentane. Five pentane, four butane, three propane, two ethane, and one is just methane.
What is a 7 carbon chain?
For a seven carbon chain the name is heptane. Seven heptane, six hexane, five pentane, four butane, three propane , two ethane, and one is just methane. For an eight carbon chain the name is octane.
What is the name of a 11 carbon chain?
For an eleven carbon chain the name is undecane. Eleven undodecane, ten decane, nine nonane, eight octane, seven heptane, six hexane, five pentane, four butane , three propane, two ethane, and one is just methane. For a twelve carbon chain the name is dodecane.
What is nine carbon chain?
For a nine carbon chain the name is nonane. Nine nonane, eight octane, seven heptane, six hexane, five pentane, four butane, three propane , two ethane, and one is just methane. For a ten carbon chain the name is decane.