Is a bileaflet valve mechanical?
Mechanical Valves Three basic types of mechanical valve design exist: bileaflet, monoleaflet, and caged ball valves (Figure 1A, 1B, and 1C). Figure 1. Different types of prosthetic valves.
What is a bileaflet mechanical heart valve?
A bileaflet mechanical valve has two semicircular discs. The disc material is polycarbonate. The first bileaflet valve was introduced in 1977 by St. Jude Medical. Bileaflet valves are the most common mechanical heart valves used in current practice.
How does a bileaflet valve work?
The bileaflet design consists of two semicircular leaflets that pivot on hinges. Bileaflet valves have the best central flow—the leaflets open completely, allowing very little resistance to blood flow. These valves correct the problem of central flow and blood cell damage; however, they allow some backflow.
Why is mitral valve more thrombogenic?
In general, a prosthetic valve in the mitral position is considered to have higher thrombogenicity and is associated with a higher risk of valve thrombosis and systemic embolization than a valve prosthesis in the aortic position8,9 due to the increased vascular stasis around the mitral valve.
What is bileaflet mitral valve prolapse?
Introduction: Arrhythmogenic bileaflet mitral valve prolapse syndrome (ABiMVPS) is a sudden death-predisposing disorder characterized clinically by bileaflet mitral valve prolapse (MVP), inferolateral T-wave inversions, and complex ventricular ectopy.
What is a bileaflet valve made of?
Introduced in 1979, bileaflet valves are made of two semicircular leaflets that revolve around struts attached to the valve housing. With a larger opening than caged ball or tilting-disc valves, they carry a lower risk of blood clots. They are, however, vulnerable to blood backflow.
Can you live a normal life with a mechanical heart valve?
Mechanical valves can last a lifetime, but they come with increased risks of blood clotting and bleeding, as well as the need to take the blood-thinning medication warfarin.
Why do mechanical valves cause clots?
Because your body can tell that a mechanical valve is not made of natural tissue, your blood is more likely to clot on the surface of the valve. The pieces of the valve are also hard, unlike the soft tissue of a natural valve. These pieces can tear blood cells as they pass through the valve.
Why do mechanical heart valves fail?
The most common causes of mechanical valve dysfunction are thrombosis and pannus formation, which was present in 87.5% of patients in this series. Thrombosis is usually due to inadequate anticoagulation (22) and associated with atrial fibrillation (9) and low cardiac function.
What are the components of the mitral valve apparatus?
The main mitral valve apparatus components are 1) mitral annulus, 2) mitral valve leaflets, 3) chordae tendineae and 4) papillary muscles. Tight sealed mitral leaflet coaptation depends on the balance of systolic tethering and closing forces on the valve and on the amount of leaflet tissue available.
What’s the difference between mitral and tricuspid AV valves?
Another difference between the mitral and tricuspid AV valves, in addition to the number of leaflets and the size of the annuli, is the thickness of the valve leaflets. The mitral valve leaflets are thicker than those of the tricuspid.
How is the mitral annulus related to the aortic valve?
The anterior (also labeled aortic or septal) mitral leaflet is trapezoid- or dome-shaped, anchored to the fibrous portion of the mitral annulus, and shares a fibrous tissue continuity mainly with the noncoronary cusp of the aortic valve (Figure 2).
Which is the middle layer of the valve leaflet?
The spongiosa is the middle layer of the valve leaflet and is rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans (PGs), which impart compression resistance and flexibility.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQ4nUenvAlw