What is delayed myocardial enhancement?
Delayed myocardial enhancement, as seen on cardiac MRI, occurs when gadolinium contrast material seeps into fibrotic or necrotic myocardial tissue. It is due to a number of etiologies, and has variable appearances. subendocardial enhancement indicates an ischemic etiology.
What causes hibernating myocardium?
Hibernating myocardium is the term used to describe a portion of the muscle that makes up the middle layer of heart tissue, the myocardium, that has gone into a state of dormancy due to an inadequate supply of blood. This often occurs as a result of coronary artery disease (CAD).
What is myocardial hibernation?
The term hibernating myocardium was first proposed by S. Rahimtoola in 1985 to describe a state of left ventricular dysfunction at rest caused by reduced coronary blood flow, which can be reversed by restoring myocardial oxygen supply or reducing myocardial oxygen demand.
What does delayed enhancement mean?
Delayed enhancement translates a relative excess of gadolinium in the pathological tissues compared to the healthy tissues. It is based on T1 weighted ultrafast gradient echo or steady state gradient echo sequences.
What does delayed enhancement mean on an MRI?
Delayed myocardial enhancement, as seen on cardiac MRI, occurs when gadolinium contrast material seeps into fibrotic or necrotic myocardial tissue. It is due to a number of etiologies, and has variable appearances.
What does the delayed enhancement indicate on the cardiac MRI?
Delayed enhancement identifies infarction or fibrotic tissue, while absence of enhancement indicates viable myocardium likely to improve following revascularization [11]. The pattern of the delayed enhancement will reflect the vascular distribution of the affected vascular territory.
What is the difference between stunned and hibernating myocardium?
Definitions: Stunned myocardium is viable myocardium salvaged by coronary reperfusion that exhibits prolonged postischemic dysfunction after reperfusion. Hibernating myocardium is ischemic myocardium supplied by a narrowed coronary artery in which ischemic cells remain viable but contraction is chronically depressed.
What causes a stunned heart?
Stunned myocardium is a condition of transient left ventricular dysfunction following an ischemic event to the myocardium. It occurs if coronary blood flow was impaired for a brief period of time (5 to 15 minutes).
What is cardiac LGE?
Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by cardiac MR (CMR) is a predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM).
What does late gadolinium enhancement mean?
Late gadolinium enhancement is a result of regional differences in myocardial extracellular volume and different uptake and washout patterns within the extracellular space and is seen in myocardial injury e.g. myocyte necrosis, myocardial oedema, myocardial scar tissue, and focal areas of fibrosis, and can be related …