What is alkylation reaction with example?
Conventional paraffin (alkane)–olefin (alkene) alkylation is an acid-catalyzed reaction; it involves the addition of a tertiary alkyl cation, generated from an isoalkane (via hydride abstraction) to an olefin. An example of such a reaction is the isobutane–ethylene alkylation, yielding 2,3-dimethylbutane.
What does alkylation mean?
Definition of alkylation : the act or process of introducing one or more alkyl groups into a compound (as to increase octane number in a motor fuel)
What is the function of alkylation?
alkylation, in petroleum refining, chemical process in which light, gaseous hydrocarbons are combined to produce high-octane components of gasoline. The light hydrocarbons consist of olefins such as propylene and butylene and isoparaffins such as isobutane.
What is alkylating agent in chemistry?
alkylating agent, any highly reactive drug that binds to certain chemical groups (phosphate, amino, sulfhydryl, hydroxyl, and imidazole groups) commonly found in nucleic acids and other macromolecules, bringing about changes in the DNA and RNA of cells.
What is alkylation methylation reaction?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In the chemical sciences, methylation denotes the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom.
What is alkylation of phenol?
An overall phenol alkylation reaction can be described as a multistep process consisting of a neutral-pathway leading to the early O-alkylation, followed by a serial of ionic rearrangements resulting in the final C-alkylations.
What chemical reaction do alkylating agents participate in?
The alkylating agents are a group of strong disinfecting chemicals that act by replacing a hydrogen atom within a molecule with an alkyl group (CnH2n+1), thereby inactivating enzymes and nucleic acids (Figure 13.3. 11).
What is alkylate in gasoline?
Alkylate is a gasoline blending stock that is produced by the acid-catalyzed reactions of olefins with normal hydrocarbons to yield higher boiling, and higher octane, iso-alkanes (Leffler, 2000).
What does a Butamer unit do?
Butane isomerization happens in an isomerization (“Isom”) unit, also called a butamer unit. The butamer process converts the straight chain molecule into the branched molecule, also called the “isomer” of normal butane. When it is wide, isomerization is a very lucrative business.
Which is the simplest example of an alkylation reaction?
For example, methyl groups are the simplest alkyls and result from the removal of a hydrogen atom from methane. Alkyl groups substitute or add to molecules, such as carbocations, carboanions, radicals or carbenes.
What does alkylation do to an organic compound?
Alkylation is the introduction of an alkyl group into an organic compound by substitution or addition.
Which is the final product of the alkylation of alcohol?
In general, alcohols can be alkylated by a name reaction known as the Williamson ether synthesis. In this reaction, an alcohol is reacted with an alkyl halide (an alkyl group bonded to a halogen) in the presence of a base, and the final product is an ether.
How is an alkyl group transferred from one molecule to another?
Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion or a carbene (or their equivalents). An alkyl group is a piece of a molecule with the general formula C n H 2n+1, where n is the integer depicting the number of carbons linked together.