What do you mean by Mycoparasitism?
5.1 Mycoparasitism The term “mycoparasitism” or “hyperparasitism” means the interaction between mycoparasite (fungi have the ability to parasite other fungi) and a mycohost (fungi act as a host to be parasitized) (Hawksworth et al., 1995; Barnett, 1963).
Which of the following fungi belongs to zygomycetes?
The zygomycetes are a relatively small group in the fungi kingdom and belong to the Phylum Zygomycota. They include the familiar bread mold, Rhizopus stolonifer, which rapidly propagates on the surfaces of breads, fruits, and vegetables. They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on plants and animals.
Where are mucorales found?
The fungi of the order Mucorales (class Zygomycetes) are filamentous fungi, ubiquitous in decaying soil and vegetation.
Which fungus is considered as mycoparasite?
genus Trichoderma
Certain species of the fungal genus Trichoderma are mycoparasites and are used for biological control of fungal diseases on agricultural crops. As chitin is an important structural component of fungal cell walls, chitinases contribute to the mycoparasitic attack and to the release of nutrients from dead fungal biomass.
What is the meaning of Mycobiont?
1The fungal component of a lichen; a lichenized fungus. 2A fungus in association with another type of organism; specifically a mycorrhizal fungus.
When one fungus is parasitized by the other fungus The phenomenon is called as?
Mycoparasitism or hyperparasitism refers to parasitic interactions between two fungi in which one fungus (host) is parasitized by the mycelia of the other (parasite) (Barnett 1964 , Butler 1957.
How are the spores of Zygomycetes such as Rhizopus dispersed?
How are the spores of zygomycetes such as Rhizopus dispersed? Individual hyphae begin to produce spores. Hyphae stop growing and a fruiting body forms to exploit the food source. The mycelium break down into widely separated hyphae.
Why Zygomycetes are called conjugation fungi?
Zygomycetes are called conjugation fungi because they can reproduce sexually and asexually by a process called conjugation.
Which of the following genera comes under order mucorales?
The Mucorales is the largest and best studied order of zygomycete fungi. Members of this order are sometimes called pin molds. The term mucormycosis is now preferred for infections caused by molds belonging to the order Mucorales….
| Mucorales | |
|---|---|
| Phylum: | Mucoromycota |
| Subdivision: | Mucoromycotina |
| Order: | Mucorales |
| Families |
What are the different spores found in mucor?
Mucor species can be differentiated from moulds of the genera Absidia, Rhizomucor, and Rhizopus by the shape and insertion of the columella, and the lack of stolons and rhizoids. Some Mucor species produce chlamydospores. They form mold with irregular non-septate hyphae branching at wide angles (>90°).
Is phytophthora a Necrotroph?
Phytophthora infestans acts as a biotrophic pathogen during the early stages of the interaction and as a necrotroph at later stages.
What does Mycobiont and Phycobiont represent?
Phycobiont refers to the algal component of the lichens and mycobiont refers to the fungal component. Both of these are present in a symbiotic relationship in which algae prepare food for fungi due to the presence of chlorophyll whereas the fungus provides shelter to algae and absorbs water and nutrients from the soil.
What does the term mycoparasitism mean in science?
The term “mycoparasitism” or “hyperparasitism” means the interaction between mycoparasite (fungi have the ability to parasite other fungi) and a mycohost (fungi act as a host to be parasitized) ( Hawksworth et al., 1995; Barnett, 1963 ).
What are the steps in the mycoparasite process?
Mycoparasitism is a complex process of several steps which includes chemotropism and recognition; attachment and coiling; secretion of extracellular enzymes; cell wall penetration by hypha; and digestion of host cell ( Zeilinger et al., 1999 ).
What are the most important characteristics of Rhizopus?
There are some important characteristics of the Rhizopus species: The mode of nutrition is saprobic and parasitic in Rhizopus, in which a majority of them are saprophytic, and few are parasitic viz. R.artocarp, R.arrhizus etc.
How are mycoparasites induced in the Trichoderma plant?
The mycoparasitism of the Trichoderma can be induced by chitinases, proteases, and glucanases encoded by Prb1/Sp1 ( Viterbo and Horwotz, 2010 ). One study ( Catalano et al., 2011) suggests that the role of laccase for the colonization of the T. virens in the rhizosphere of the plant is significant.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMqL279_igk