What causes a pontine hemorrhage?
Pontine hemorrhage is usually caused by uncontrolled systemic hypertension, resulting in a sudden loss of consciousness, quadriparesis, and pinpoint pupils.
What are the symptoms of pontine hemorrhage?
The symptoms at onset were headache and vomiting in 10 patients, vertigo in seven, hemiparesis in six, loss of consciousness in five and unilateral sensory disturbance in two.
What is hemorrhagic pontine stroke?
A stroke occurs when the supply of blood to the brain is compromised by either a clogged artery (called an ischemic stroke) or burst artery (called a hemorrhagic stroke). When stroke happens in the pons, which is the upper section of the brain stem, it’s called a pontine stroke.
Can you recover from pontine hemorrhage?
Massive pontine hemorrhage with comatose condition has a poor prognosis and bad outcome despite adequate surgical treatment. However, this case report gives a different result. Providing adequate prophylactic treatment to prevent secondary brain injury resulted in a very good recovery at the 6-month follow-up.
What is Pontine Myelinolysis?
Definition. Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a neurological disorder that most frequently occurs after too rapid medical correction of sodium deficiency (hyponatremia). The rapid rise in sodium concentration is accompanied by the movement of small molecules and pulls water from brain cells.
How serious is a pontine stroke?
A pontine stroke can be particularly devastating and may lead to paralysis and the rare condition known as Locked-in Syndrome (LiS). Fortunately, it has been estimated that up to 80 percent of strokes are preventable.
What happens if pons is damaged?
Pons also relays sensory information and signals governing sleep patterns. If pons is damaged, it may cause loss of all muscle function except for eye movement.
What is the Pontine?
The pons is a major division of the brainstem. It is found above the medulla and below the midbrain, and is anterior to (in front of) the cerebellum. The pontine tegmentum includes the tissue between the basal pons and the fourth ventricle; the pons makes up the floor of the fourth ventricle.
What does the Pontine control?
The pons contains nuclei that relay signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum, along with nuclei that deal primarily with sleep, respiration, swallowing, bladder control, hearing, equilibrium, taste, eye movement, facial expressions, facial sensation, and posture.
What is the cause of Pontine haemorrhage?
Pontine haemorrhage, a form of intracranial haemorrhage, is most commonly due to long standing poorly-controlled chronic hypertension. It carries a very poor prognosis.
What is the survival rate for pontine hemorrhage?
The survival rate was 40% in 10 patients suffering hemorrhage into the pons who were admitted to an acute care facility. This rate is higher than previously reported.
What are the side effects of Pontine hematoma?
In addition to the “classic” pontine hematoma syndrome characterized by coma, quadriparesis, and eventual demise, two more benign syndromes arising from hemorrhage confined to one side of the pons were also recognized.
How is a pontine hemorrhage a differential diagnosis?
Differential diagnosis. The main differential is between a primary pontine hemorrhage and hemorrhages resulting from underlying lesions (see above). Usually patients present suddenly with severely impairment and the diagnosis is not difficult to make.