What are dieulafoy lesions?
Dieulafoy lesion is an abnormally large artery (a vessel that takes blood from the heart to other areas of the body) in the lining of the gastrointestinal system. It is most common in the stomach but can occur in other locations, including the small and large intestine.
How is dieulafoy treated?
There is no consensus on the treatment of Dieulafoy’s lesions. Therapeutic endoscopy can control the bleeding in 90% of patients while angiography is being accepted as a valuable alternative to endoscopy for inaccessible lesions.
Is a dieulafoy lesion an AVM?
The Dieulafoy lesion is an arteriovenous malformation typically found in the stomach. Extragastric lesions are rare, and an uncommon cause of gastrointestinal bleeds. The investigation and management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding poses an important diagnostic problem, following the elimination of common causes.
What is dieulafoy lesion of duodenum?
Dieulafoy’s lesion is an abnormally large, tortuous, submucosal vessel that erodes the overlying epithelium without primary ulceration or erosion. The lesion predominantly occurs in the proximal stomach but it is also reported in extragastric sites.
What causes Cameron ulcers?
Cameron ulcers are a mechanical phenomenon, related to extrinsic compression of the diaphragm on the stomach in patients with large hiatal hernias.
What is jejunal Angioectasia?
Angioectasias, also named angiodysplasias in the literature, are vascular malformations that can be found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, with the most common site being the right colon [1, 2]. These lesions may occasionally cause severe bleeding but they can also be found in symptom-free patients.
How is AVM treated in the colon?
AVMs can typically be treated with cautery delivered through an endoscope or enteroscope. Tumors (benign and malignant) can be biopsied and have their location marked using endoscopy, but surgery is typically required to take them out. Other conditions, such as Crohn’s disease, are often treated with medications.
How is hematemesis diagnosis?
Upper endoscopy: Diagnostic test of choice for acute hematemesis due to the high sensitivity in ability to locate and treat specific locations of active bleeding lesions. Therapeutic endoscopy can be performed with esophageal variceal banding, clips, sclerosing agents, epinephrine injection, and thermocoagulation.