What is ventilatory control?
The control of ventilation refers to the physiological mechanisms involved in the control of breathing, which is the movement of air into and out of the lungs. Ventilation facilitates respiration.
What is the physiology of ventilation?
Ventilation, or breathing, is the movement of air through the conducting passages between the atmosphere and the lungs. The air moves through the passages because of pressure gradients that are produced by contraction of the diaphragm and thoracic muscles.
What factors control ventilation?
Ventilation responds to changes in the arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), and pH (figure 1), and may be modified in response to a number of mechanical and irritant stimuli arising from various structures within the thoracic cage, and probably from within muscles and joints during …
What is neural and chemical control of breathing?
Chemical control of breathing determines minute ventilation, with changes taking place over a matter of one or more minutes. The pattern of breathing that makes up this minute ventilation is determined by the neural control of ventilation, which can bring about changes in pattern in fractions of a second.
What does the pontine respiratory group control?
The Pontine Respiratory Group (PRG, upper pons) represents the “pneumotaxic center”, which acts as an “off” switch controlling the point at which inspiration is terminated and therefore determining the depth and frequency of breathing.
What is the pathophysiology of respiration?
Pathophysiology of Respiration is a well-written text designed to familiarize medical students and house staff with the basic physiologic concepts underlying lung disease. These concepts are presented in a lucid and simplified fashion, and succinctly cover the most important aspects of pulmonary physiology.
What is the neural control of breathing?
The neural control of respiration refers to functional interactions between networks of neurons that regulate movements of the lungs, airways and chest wall and abdomen, in order to accomplish (i) effective organismal uptake of oxygen and expulsion of carbon dioxide, airway liquids and irritants, (ii) regulation of …
What is the neural control?
What is neural chemical control?
i.e. Increases in rate and depth of breathing are detected by stretch receptors in the lungs. Respiratory centres of the brain (medulla oblongata and pons) send nerve impulses to the respiratory muscles to control breathing frequency (how often) and tidal volume of each breath.
How does pons control breathing?
The pons is the other respiratory center and is located underneath the medulla. Its main function is to control the rate or speed of involuntary respiration. It has two main functional regions that perform this role: The apneustic center sends signals for inspiration for long and deep breaths.