What is true regarding the health belief model quizlet?
The HBM suggests that a person’s belief in a personal threat of an illness or disease together with a person’s belief in the effectiveness of the recommended health behavior or action will predict the likelihood the person will adopt the behavior.
What are the three primary elements of the health belief model HBM which predict how motivated a client is to change their self care health behaviors?
The Health Promotion Model (HPM) . The model focuses on three areas: (1) individual characteristics and experiences, (2) behavior-specific knowledge and affect, and (3) behavioral outcomes.
Which study design is most appropriate when considering rare exposures risk factors in an observational study?
Cross sectional studies are used to determine prevalence. They are relatively quick and easy but do not permit distinction between cause and effect. Case controlled studies compare groups retrospectively. They seek to identify possible predictors of outcome and are useful for studying rare diseases or outcomes.
What criteria should be considered when establishing whether a statistical association is valid?
The evidence fulfills the criteria of sufficient evidence of an association (below) and satisfies several of the criteria used to assess causality: strength of association, dose–response relationship, consistency of association, temporal relationship, specificity of association, and biologic plausibility.
What is perceived barriers in Health Belief Model?
Perceived barriers – This refers to a person’s feelings on the obstacles to performing a recommended health action. There is wide variation in a person’s feelings of barriers, or impediments, which lead to a cost/benefit analysis.
What is a common criticism of the Health Belief Model?
Major Criticisms The HBM is “reductionistic” in that it leaves out emotion1 as well as social and other environmental influences such as culture. It is a “rational exchange” model in that it argues that individuals systematically list and weigh the barriers and benefits of a behavior.
What is perceived barriers in health belief model?
Which study design is best for rare exposures?
Cohort studies
Cohort studies are particularly advantageous for examining rare exposures because subjects are selected by their exposure status. Additionally, the investigator can examine multiple outcomes simultaneously.
Which study design is best used for investigating the etiology of rare diseases?
Case-control studies are particularly efficient for rare diseases because they begin by identifying a sufficient number of diseased people (or people have some “outcome” of interest) to enable you to do an analysis that tests associations.
What are the guidelines for judging whether an association is causal?
The most important of these guidelines are ‘strength’ (a strong association is more likely to be causal than a weak one), ‘consistency’ (an association is observed in different studies, under different circumstances, times and places), ‘biological gradient’ (i.e. dose-response – the effect should tend to be greater …
What does observed association mean?
Observed association (the event occurs after taking the drug) is not equivalent to causal association (the event is caused by taking the drug). The reason for this is that there can be other explanations for why a drug appears to be associated with an event; chance, bias and confounding can all play a role.
What are the factors in the health belief model?
Health Belief Model The Health Belief Model (HBM) hypothesizes that health-related behavior depends on the combination of several factors, namely, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy.
What does perceived barriers in health care mean?
Perceived barriers – This refers to a person’s feelings on the obstacles to performing a recommended health action. There is wide variation in a person’s feelings of barriers, or impediments, which lead to a cost/benefit analysis.
What are the barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviors?
For lifestyle behaviors such as healthy eating, exercising regularly, and smoking cessation, key barriers appear to be social-environmental-peer pressure, negative emotions or mood, stress, and habitual patterns associated with undesired behaviors (Glasgow et al., 2001; McCauley et al., 1998; Velicer et al., 1990).
How are perceived barriers involved in social theory?
Perceived barriers are also involved in social cognitive theory (as partial determinants of self-efficacy as illustrated in Figure 1) and social-ecological theory (judgments of barriers are commonly used as proxies for objective measures of multilevel determinants of behavior).