What is electrocaloric materials?
The electrocaloric (EC) effect is an adiabatic and reversible temperature change that occurs in a polar material upon application of an electric field. The current intensive research in EC materials has been driven by the quest for new energy efficient and environmentally friendly cooling technologies.
What is Electrocaloric cooling?
Abstract: Electrocaloric is a novel emerging not-in-kind cooling technology based on solid-state materials exhibiting the electrocaloric effect, i.e., the property of changing their temperature because of an adiabatic change in the intensity of the electric field applied.
What is the caloric effect?
Caloric effects are reversible thermal changes that occur in magnetically, electrically, and mechanically responsive materials when subjected to changes in magnetic, electric, and mechanical (uniaxial or isotropic) applied fields.
What are caloric materials?
Resume : Caloric materials encompass reversible thermal effects triggered in solids by magnetic, electric, and/or stress fields. A common feature observed in all materials that exhibit the giant magnetocaloric effect is the coupling of magnetic and elastic effects.
What is meant by magneto caloric effect?
Magnetocaloric effect (MCE) is a heating or cooling of a magnetic material when the applied magnetic field changes. At the heart of the MCEs lays coupling between the magnetic moments and external magnetic field, and in some cases the MCE involves structural transitions concomitant with magnetic transitions.
What is caloric cooling?
Caloric cooling and heating is based on the use of so-called ‘caloric’ materials – solid materials which change their thermal state in response to an externally applied field (magnetic, electric, stress/strain, pressure).
What is Barocaloric effect?
The barocaloric effect (BCE) is characterized as thermal responses (variations of temperature or entropy) in a material resulting from compression. Several materials exhibit a BCE suitable for development of solid-state cooling devices, typically associated with pressure-induced phase transitions.
Which material is used in Peltier?
Solid solutions of bismuth telluride, antimony telluride, and bismuth selenide are the preferred materials for Peltier effect devices because they provide the best performance from 180 to 400 K and can be made both n-type and p-type.
What are magneto caloric materials?
Magnetocaloric materials are metals endowing the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). Such materials include pure elements such as Gadolinium or alloys such as Lanthanum-iron-silicon (LaFeSi) or Iron-phosphorus (Fe2P).
How do magnets cool?
The magnets create a magnetic field that heats up the particles in the regenerator (or heat exchanger). After heat is released — the byproduct of work being done by the refrigerator– the magnetic field is removed, causing the refrigerator to cool.
Which is similar to an electrocaloric heating / cooling cycle?
Such electrocaloric heating/cooling cycle is comparable to a corresponding heating/cooling cycle taking place in a classical compressor that can be found, for example, in nowadays refrigerators, with a difference in coolant material and the field applied.
What kind of material is the working coolant?
The working coolant is a polar dielectric material in the EC cycle and a vapor in the classic heat engine cycle.
How does an electrocaloric polar material change temperature?
Specifically, instead of gas an electrocaloric polar material serves as the working coolant medium and instead of pressure the electric field is used to change the state of the coolant material. For instance, the gas temperature change is achieved by changing the gas pressure.
What is the electrocaloric effect of dipolar constituents?
The electrocaloric effect (ECE) is a physical phenomenon found in materials with dipolar constituents, that is, with certain dielectric properties ( 1).
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