What does widened PDL space mean?
A vertical bone defect develops when bone loss progresses down the root of the teeth in association with a deep periodontal pocket. In its early stage, this phenomenon appears as abnormal PDL widening (Fig. 3).
What is the PDL space?
periodontal ligament space Abbreviation: PDL space. A radiolucent space that appears on a dental radiograph between the tooth and the adjacent lamina dura. The space is occupied by the periodontal ligament, which lacks the density to be radiopaque.
What is periodontal ligament space?
Periodontal ligaments are structures holding teeth in their sockets. They are seen as a thin radiolucent space between the surface of the tooth root and the lamina dura, the lining of the tooth socket. The lamina dura serves as a periodontal ligament attachment site.
What causes thickened lamina dura?
Bone changes may take the appearance of thickening of the lamina dura, widening of the periodontal ligament, focal sclerosis, cortical erosion and radiolucent areas (Table. 1), but these are nonspecific and can occur because of ‘everyday’ dental disease and even normal anatomical variation in bone pattern.
When is lamina dura lost?
It is usually considered that the loss of the lamina dura is pathognomonic of hyperparathyroidism although some degree of loss may be apparent in osteomalacia and in Paget’s disease.
What other conditions can present with a widened PDL space?
Conditions associated with widening are varied and can include:
- trauma. occlusal trauma.
- periodontal disease. periodontitis.
- pulpal / periapical lesions.
- regional osteomyelitis.
- regional tumors / tumor infiltration (rare)
- connective tissue disease.
- radiation-related injury.
- medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
What is an alveolar process?
Your alveolar process (also known as the alveolar bone) is the structure that holds the roots of your teeth in place. You have an alveolar process made of thick bone for both your top and bottom rows of teeth.
What is lamina dura?
Medical Definition of lamina dura : the thin hard layer of bone that lines the socket of a tooth and that appears as a dense white line in radiography. — called also cribriform plate.
What is the difference between alveoli and alveolus?
What is the difference between Alveoli and Alveolus? The only difference between alveoli and alveolus is that alveolus is the singular word of alveoli.
What is the lamina dura made of?
On the mandible, it is a ridge located on the superior surface. It comprises of the thickest part of the maxillae. The alveolar process includes a region of compact bone that is adjacent to the periodontal ligament (PDL). This is called the lamina dura when it is viewed on radiographs.
What are the causes of widening of the PDL?
This review revealed that widening of the PDL might be due to 10 relatively common entities, which could be categorized into 4 groups: traumatic, infectious, neoplas- tic, or systemic causes. Traumatic causes of PDL widening are occlusal/ortho- dontic trauma and radiation-induced bone defect.
What is the radiographic appearance of the PDL?
PDL SPACE RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE • Thin radiolucent line interposed between the root & laminadura. • Occlusal Trauma → widened PDL space or funneling of coronal aspect of PDL space. • It can also widened in case of vertical fractures & progressive systemic sclerosis (Scleroderma).
How does the thickness of the PDL relate to function?
The thickness of the ligament relates to the degree of function because the PDL is thinnest around the roots of embedded teeth and teeth that have lost their antagonists. The reverse is not true, however, because an appreciably wider space is not regularly observed in persons with especially heavy occlusion or bruxism.
Can a widened PDL be a sign of chondrosarcoma?
In tooth-bearing areas, a widened PDL (a Garrington sign) may be noticed as an early sign of chondrosarcoma.28 If the lesion occurs near the teeth, tooth displacement and root resorption may also be seen.4