How do you manage a patient with acute coronary syndrome?
Treatment should be given for a minimum of 48 hours and up to eight days. Additional acute treatment options include supplemental oxygen, nitroglycerin, intravenous morphine, beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, and statins.
What is the initial treatment for ACS?
Morphine (or fentanyl) for pain control, oxygen, sublingual or intravenous (IV) nitroglycerin, soluble aspirin 162-325 mg, and clopidogrel with a 300- to 600-mg loading dose are given as initial treatment.
What are the goals of therapy for patients with ACS?
The immediate goals of treatment for acute coronary syndrome are: Relieve pain and distress. Improve blood flow. Restore heart function as quickly and as best as possible.
What is the priority of care for a patient diagnosed with ACS?
General priorities for patients with ACS are haemodynamic monitoring and close observation of vital signs. A review of fluid status can provide information about renal perfusion, as some patients may present with, or develop, heart failure.
Why is aspirin used in ACS?
Aspirin in Acute Coronary Syndrome 1: Aspirin acts to inhibit the activity of the cyclooxygenase enzyme and thus attenuates the production of prostaglandins and thromboxane. 2: The ADP receptor antagonists bind to the P2Y12 receptor to prevent ADP-induced platelet activation.
How is MI patient treated?
A patient with a large acute myocardial infarction may be concurrently treated with aspirin, streptokinase, heparin and an ACE inhibitor. 2. Streptokinase is preferred to tissue plasminogen activator as it has a greater effect on cardiovascular mortality.
When does ACS protocol start?
Initial management. The management of ACS aims to provide supportive care and pain relief, and to prevent progression of cardiac injury. Treatment should be started as soon as an ACS is suspected but should not delay transfer to hospital.
Which conditions are contraindications to therapy with β blockers in patients with ACS?
Contraindications for β-blockers administration are: hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg), bradycardia (heart rate < 50 bpm), phenomenon Raynaud, severe pneumonopathy (especially chronic obstructive and bronchial asthma), and severe renal insufficiency.
Why is Asa given for MI?
Aspirin is effective in reducing the blood clots that are blocking a coronary artery during an acute heart attack. Anyone who has already had a heart attack, or who has an increased risk of having one in the future, should always carry a few non-coated adult aspirins with them.