Where was the birthplace of Mohammad Najibullah?
Najibullah was born on 6 August 1947 in the city of Gardez, Paktia Province, in the Kingdom of Afghanistan. His ancestral village of Najibqilla is located between the towns of Gardez and Said Karam in an area known as Mehlan. He belonged to the Ahmadzai Ghilji tribe of Pashtuns.
Who was the Minister of Defence under Najibullah?
In June 1981, Najibullah, along with Mohammad Aslam Watanjar, a former tank commander and the then Minister of Communications and Major General Mohammad Rafi, the Minister of Defence were appointed to the PDPA Politburo. Under Najibullah, KHAD’s personnel increased from 120 to 25,000 to 30,000.
How many KHAD employees did Najibullah have?
Under Najibullah, KHAD’s personnel increased from 120 to 25,000 to 30,000. KHAD employees were amongst the best-paid government bureaucrats in communist Afghanistan, and because of it, the political indoctrination of KHAD officials was a top priority.
How did Najibullah try to end the Civil War?
Najibullah accused Karmal of trying to wreck his policy of National Reconciliation, a series of efforts by Najibullah to end the conflict. During his tenure as leader of Afghanistan, the Soviets began their withdrawal, and from 1989 until 1992, his government tried to solve the ongoing civil war without Soviet troops on the ground.
When was the first cartoon of Muhammad published?
The controversial cartoons of Muhammad, as they were first published in Jyllands-Posten in September 2005 ( English version ). The headline, “Muhammeds ansigt”, means “The face of Muhammad”.
Why was the Jyllands Posten Muhammad cartoons controversial?
Rose wrote the editorial which accompanied the cartoons in which he argued there had been several recent cases of self-censorship, weighing freedom of speech against the fear of confronting issues about Islam, so he thought it was legitimate news story.
Who was trying to get Najibullah out of Afghanistan?
Wakil, accompanied by many other members of the Watan party, castigated Sevan for trying to get Najibullah out of Afghanistan secretly.
When did Mohammad Najibullah step down as State Security Minister?
In 1985 Najibullah stepped down as the state security minister to focus on PDPA politics; he had been appointed to the PDPA Secretariat. Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev, also the last Soviet leader, was able to get Karmal to step down as PDPA General Secretary in 1986, and replace him with Najibullah.