What is a good Lambda reading?
If the mixture contains too much oxygen for the amount of fuel (a lean mixture), lambda will be greater than 1.00. If a mixture contains too little oxygen for the amount of fuel (a rich mixture), lambda will be less than 1.00. Thus a lean air/fuel ratio of, say, 16:1 would translate to a lambda value of 1.088.
Are there any logic families that are 5 volt tolerant?
Note many Low Voltage [LV] families are 5 volt tolerant [not damaged by applying 5v to the input pins]. The output logic levels above are defined by the Terms section below.
What does Vo ( high ) mean on a 555?
Vo (high) indicates an unloaded maximum output of 2.0V. The 47Ω resistor has minimal effect upon load current as the LED series resistance and output resistance of the 555 accomplish most of the limiting. I did not attempt to connect the LED in the source voltage drive mode, but results should be similar.
What do you mean by threshold voltage in logic?
VT: [Threshold Voltage] The voltage applied to a device which is “transition-Operated”, which cause the device to switch. The Threshold Voltage may also be listed as a ‘+’ or ‘-‘ value. Normally a Threshold Voltage applies to an edge triggered clock or even a Schmitt Trigger.
How many volts does a low voltage IC use?
Low Voltage IC families normally run off of 3.3 volts [3.6 volts], 2.5 volts, or 1.8 volts. The graph shows 5 volt CMOS, TTL, and mixed CMOS/TTL IC devices, and 3.3 volt LVTTL and LVCMOS IC devices. Note many Low Voltage [LV] families are 5 volt tolerant [not damaged by applying 5v to the input pins].
What is the low voltage of a 555?
The 555 functions well below 4.5V and all devices tested functioned at 2.55V. At this low voltage, we are generally considering 3V logic or battery operation. While some may work with a 1.5V battery, there is insufficient voltage to directly drive an LED.
What is the inPower low voltage disconnect switch?
InPower LVD20-100-SPC442 Low Voltage Disconnect Switch, 100A, 12V InPower’s Model LVD20 Series Low Voltage Disconnects (LVD) automatically disconnects 12 volt loads from the battery when the battery voltage drops below a critical level, leaving enough charge for the vehicle to be restarted.
What is the 5V reference circuit voltage drop?
If the 5V reference circuit (in-series) limiting resistor, for example, is 50 ohms and the sensor is 25,000 ohms, then the amperage would be .000199A, or 199µA. The clamp-on amp meter will not be able to measure amperage that low. Also, the voltage drop across the limiting resistor (50 ohms) is around .009V.
Vo (high) indicates an unloaded maximum output of 2.0V. The 47Ω resistor has minimal effect upon load current as the LED series resistance and output resistance of the 555 accomplish most of the limiting. I did not attempt to connect the LED in the source voltage drive mode, but results should be similar.