What does the ATP ADP Translocase do?
ATP–ADP translocase is a transporter protein that enables ATP and ADP to traverse the inner mitochondrial membrane (Fig. 1). ATP produced from oxidative phosphorylation is transported from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytoplasm, whereas ADP is transported from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix.
Does Translocase use ATP?
Function. ADP/ATP translocase transports ATP synthesized from oxidative phosphorylation into the cytoplasm, where it can be used as the principal energy currency of the cell to power thermodynamically unfavorable reactions.
What force drives the ATP ADP Translocase?
proton-motive force
The proton-motive force created by the pumping out of protons by the respiratory chain complexes is in the mitochondria of most tissues mainly used to translocate protons through the ATP synthase complex, leading to the formation of ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate.
Is ADP hydrophobic?
The mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier is one of the most abundant membrane proteins in the mitochondrion. In addition, the protein is very hydrophobic and highly dynamic, which leads to structural instability in detergents.
What happens if ATP Translocase is inhibited?
If actively respiring mitochondria are exposed to an inhibitor of ATP-ADP translocase, the electron transport chain ceases to operate. If ATP and ADP cannot exchange between the matrix and the mitochondria ATP synthase will cease to function because its substrate ADP is absent.
What is the effect of Atractyloside on electron transport and ATP formation by the respiratory chain?
What is the effect of each of the following inhibitors on electron transport and ATP formation by the respiratory chain? Atractyloside blocks electron-transport and ATP synthesis by inhibiting the exchange of ATP and ADP across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
What are Translocase enzymes?
Translocase is a general term for a protein that assists in moving another molecule, usually across a cell membrane. These enzymes catalyze the movement of ions or molecules across membranes or their separation within membranes. Translocases are the most common secretion system in Gram positive bacteria.
How is ATP synthesized by ATP synthase?
The ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme localized in the inner membrane, where it catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate, driven by a flux of protons across a gradient generated by electron transfer from the proton chemically positive to the negative side.
How does the inhibition of the ATP-ADP translocase affect glycolysis?
How does the inhibition of ATP-ADP translocase affect the citric acid cycle? Aerobic glycolysis? If ADP cannot enter the mitochondria, the electron transport chain will cease to function because there will be no acceptor for the energy., NADH will build up in the matrix.
How does the inhibition of ATP-ADP translocase affect the citric acid cycle glycolysis?
How does inhibition of ATP-ADP translocase affect the TCA cycle? Glycolysis? If ADP cannot get into mitochondria, the ETC chain will cease to function because there will be no acceptor for the energy. NADH will build up in the matrix.
How does Atractyloside stop ATP synthesis?
Atractyloside blocks electron-transport and ATP synthesis by inhibiting the exchange of ATP and ADP across the inner mitochondrial membrane.