What are trophoblastic cells?
Trophoblasts (from Greek to feed: threphein) are cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provides nutrients to the embryo, and develops into a large part of the placenta. They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg.
What Hormone Does the trophoblast?
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
During pregnancy, normal trophoblast cells of the placenta secrete a glycoprotein hormone: human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
What is an abnormal growth of placental trophoblast cells?
Abnormal placental development, particularly the limited invasion of trophoblast cells into the uterus and the subsequent failure of the remodeling of maternal spiral arteries, is believed to cause preeclampsia, a severe pregnancy related disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria.
Which cell gives rise trophoblast?
The appearance of a fluid-filled inner cavity marks the transition from morula to blastocyst and is accompanied by cellular differentiation: the surface cells become the trophoblast (and give rise to extraembryonic structures, including the placenta) and the inner cell mass gives rise to the embryo.
What is GTD in medicine?
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of rare diseases in which abnormal trophoblast cells grow inside the uterus after conception. In gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), a tumor develops inside the uterus from tissue that forms after conception (the joining of sperm and egg).
What is trophoblast in pregnancy?
Trophoblasts (from Greek trephein: to feed; and blastos: germinator) are cells that form the outer layer of a blastocyst. They are present four days post-fertilization in humans. They provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta.
What happens to trophoblast after implantation?
In humans, implantation of a fertilized ovum occurs between 6 to 12 days after ovulation. In preparation for implantation, the blastocyst sheds its outside layer, the zona pellucida, and is replaced by a layer of underlying cells called the trophoblast. The trophoblast will give rise to the placenta after implantation.
What is trophoblastic proliferation?
Oncology. Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a term used for a group of pregnancy-related tumours. These tumours are rare, and they appear when cells in the womb start to proliferate uncontrollably.
How are trophoblast formed?
They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg. This layer of trophoblasts is also collectively referred to as the trophoblast, or, after gastrulation, the trophectoderm, as it is then contiguous with the ectoderm of the embryo.
What is gestation trophoblastic disease?
Is GTD curable?
GTD is typically curable, especially when found early. The main treatments for GTD are surgery and/or chemotherapy. Descriptions of the common types of treatments used for GTD are listed below. Your care plan may include treatment for symptoms and side effects, an important part of medical care.
What does immunohistochemical staining show for CK7?
Comment: Immunohistochemical staining demonstrates diffuse tumor positivity for CK7, GATA3, ER and PR and negativity for CK20, TTF-1, WT-1 and Pax-8. The morphologic and immunophenotypic findings are consistent with metastatic breast adenocarcinoma.
Can a CK7 tumor be differentiated from a SATB2 tumor?
Primary ovarian mucinous tumors can be differentiated from lower gastrointestinal primaries by utilizing a two marker combination of CK7 and SATB2 with greater than 95% accuracy (in many cases primary ovarian mucinous tumors are CK7+, SATB2-) ( Modern Pathol 2019;32:1834 )
Which is positive for CK7, cam5.2 and HER2?
Immunohistochemical studies show the cells to be positive for CK7, CAM5.2 and HER2 while negative for SOX10, p63, CK5/6, CK20 and adipophilin. The morphologic and immunophenotypic findings are consistent with primary Paget disease of the vulva. Clinical correlation is recommended to exclude metastasis from an extracutaneous site.