Does tenofovir cause Fanconi syndrome?
Tenofovir is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection along with other antiretroviral agents. Tenofovir-associated nephrotoxicity is rare with an incidence ranging from 1% to 6%. It has been reported to cause Fanconi syndrome (FS) and bone disease.
What is the toxicity of tenofovir?
Gastrointestinal symptoms are the most common side effects of tenofovir [12]. Kidney toxicity may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and features of proximal tubular injury, including Fanconi syndrome, isolated hypophosphatemia, and decreased bone mineral density (Figure 2) [13–17].
Does tenofovir cause nephrotoxicity?
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF, commonly termed ‘tenofovir’) is the antiretroviral most commonly implicated in antiretroviral-induced nephrotoxicity.
Does tenofovir cause liver damage?
There have been no convincing reports of acute, clinically apparent liver injury attributable to tenofovir, although the combination of tenofovir and didanosine appears to lead to liver injury, with microvesicular fatty liver disease and lactic acidosis more commonly than didanosine with other antiretrovirals, perhaps …
How do you treat Fanconi syndrome?
Fanconi syndrome cannot be cured, but it can be controlled with proper treatment. Effective treatment can keep the damage to bones and kidney tissue from getting worse and in some cases correct it. The high acid level of the blood (acidosis) may be neutralized by drinking sodium bicarbonate.
What happens if you take tenofovir with Fanconi syndrome?
He was diagnosed as a case of tenofovir induced Fanconi syndrome. Tenofovir was discontinued and patient was prescribed an alternate regimen. Five months later clinical symptoms and renal functions returned to normal. A pharmacokinetic interaction between tenofovir and ritonavir may have resulted in the toxicity.
Is there a case of Fanconi’s syndrome in AIDS patients?
A case of Fanconi’s syndrome (FS) is reported here in an AIDS patient taking tenofovir. Our case and others reported to date suggest that patients taking tenofovir should be monitored frequently with urinalysis and serum renal panels at least for 18 months after initiation of therapy.
What are the side effects of tenofovir in HIV patients?
Although rare, renal toxicity is a recognized adverse drug reaction (ADR) of this drug, especially when administered with boosted lopinavir-ritonavir. In this case, an HIV positive patient receiving tenofovir based antiretroviral therapy (ART) for last 1 year developed albuminuria, glycosuria and hypophosphatemia.
When was tenofovir introduced as a second line drug?
1 Department of Pharmacology, B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India. Tenofovir was introduced as a second line drug for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in India in December 2009.