Are Th17 cells pro-inflammatory?
Effector T-cell subsets have pro-inflammatory function, are classified according to signature cytokines, and have pivotal role in defense against pathogens—Th1 cells produce interferon gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin (IL)-2 to support cell-mediated immunity; Th17 cells produce IL-17 (Th17) and have a crucial role in the …
How would you describe the function of Th17 cells?
CD4 T cells play a key role in the functioning of a healthy immune system. They assist B cells to make antibodies, activate the microbe killing capacity of macrophages and recruit other immune cells to infected or inflamed areas of the body.
Are Th17 cells CD4?
What are T helper 17 (Th17) cells? CD4+ T helper lymphocytes are mediators of cellular immunity that play a critical role in the activation of other immune cells such as B cells and cytotoxic T cells, as well as in the regulation of immune responses.
What is Th17 differentiation?
During Th17 differentiation, a complex interaction between strong antigenic signals and PAMP-dependent pathogenic stimuli induce CD40L expression, which increases IL-6 production from DCs for facilitating Th17 differentiation (41).
What happens in the body during a Th17 response?
The Th17 cytokines IL-17A and IL-17F trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in target tissues, which not only mediate inflammation through the recruitment of innate immune cells such as neutrophils, but also promote further Th17 activation in a positive feedback manner [5].
What is a Th17 cell?
Th17 cells are proinflammatory cells that secrete IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22 and provide immunity to several extracellular pathogens including defense against infections from Candida, Citrobacter, and Klebsiella (Happel et al., 2005; Huang et al., 2004; Mangan et al., 2006).
What are Th17 cells and what do they do?
Th17 cells are a distinct lineage of T-cells. These T-cells express IL-17A and the lineage-defining transcription factor RORγt. Th17 cells have a pivotal, physiological role in host defense against pathogens.
What are the effector cytokines secreted by Th17 cells?
Targeting the effector cytokines IL-17 and GM-CSF secreted by autoimmune Th17 cells has been shown to be effective for the treatment of the diseases. Understanding a molecular basis of Th17 differentiation and effector functions is therefore critical for the regulation of the pathogenicity of tissue Th17 cells in chronic inflammation.
How are Th17 cells involved in renal autoimmunity?
Recently, there is evidence that Th17 cells may drive renal inflammation and renal autoimmunity in anti-neutrophil-cytoplasmic-antibody- (ANCA)-vasculitis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The aim of this review is to discuss the possible involvement of Th17 cells in renal autoimmunity and its value for future therapeutic approaches.
How are pro inflammatory T cells involved in autoimmunity?
These pro-inflammatory T-cells are also key players in autoimmunity and a pathogenic role has been demonstrated in several diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis.